Genetical Improvement of Some Morphophysiological, Yield and Grain Quality Characteristics in Rice Crosses

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohar, Benha University

Abstract

The genetic behavior of thirteen morphophysiological, yield and quality traits in rice was studied using L x T model. Six parent varieties, namely, SK104, SK106, GZ11332, SK108, SK109, SK101 and four testers Viz., IHL17, IHL65, IHL175, SR303 of Oryza sativa were used in this study in 2023 and 2024. The resultant twenty-four crosses were scrutinized in RCBD design with three replications. Results indicated that mean squares due to all crosses were significant for morphophysiological, yield and quality characteristics. The cross SK109xSR303 exhibited the best mean values for plant height, panicle length, panicle weight, grain yield plan-1, harvest index and hulling%. Non-additive gene action was responsible for the inheritance of all traits studied. The parent SK109 was the best general combiner for seven out of the thirteen traits, while the tester SR303 expressed significant and desirable GCA effects for eight out of the thirteen crosses. The cross SK109xSR303 elucidated the best SCA effects for days to 50% heading, chlorophyll content and No. of panicle plant-1, whereas the cross SK106xIHL175 expressed the most desirable SCA effects for grain yield plant-1. The cross SK109xSR303 exhibited the best desirable mid-parent and better-parent heterosis for panicle length and grain shape, as well as mid-parent heterosis for grain yield plant-1 and harvest index.

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Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
Volume 63, Issue 3
September 2025
Pages 17-32

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