Cytological and Molecular studies in some interspecific hybrids resulted from crossing between tetraploid and hexaploid wheat

Document Type : Original Article

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Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha University

Abstract

Wheat relatives are rich sources of beneficial genes that are capable to change the situation of the wheat strains. The present study attempted to cross three tetraploid wheat strains as male parents with five strains of hexaploid bread wheat to understand the behavior of hybrids in relation to cytology, Scanning Electron Microscopy for wheat grains and SDS-PAGE (Friabilin). Scanning electron microscopy of dry grains revealed morphological details of grain surface structure. The grains of strain 20 cultivar showed narrower size and hairless area than the grains of strain 9 or 17 or 6. The hairy end of the strain 17 grains is broader than the same end (hairy) of the strain 21. The hairy end of the strain 24 is completely disappeared from grains. All the produced six crosses were containing hairy ends as an indicator for the inheritance of this character. Probably complete dominance of the gene controlling the brush area in the wheat grain. Various degrees of chromosome anomalies were seen with all the hybrids between T. durum and T. aestivum. D genome from T. aestivum could enhance more lagging chromosomes rather than genomes A and B of cultivated species. The main observed abnormalities in the produced crosses are the laggard formation. Fraibilin clearly associated with genetic proximity of the species, which characterized themselves by maintaining the genome homeology.

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