The Economic and Social Impact of the lack of irrigation water at the ends of the canals (Case study - El Sharqaweyah Canal, Qalyubia Governorate)

The irrigation network in Egypt consists of a group of canals that deliver water to cultivated areas, which necessitates maintaining these canals and not violating the sanctuaries and bridges of these channels, whether by building or filling with solid waste and rationalizing the use of water by farmers at the beginning of the canal is supplied the water to all crops located on canals, at the appropriate time and in quantities.
The problem of water not having sufficient access to some agricultural resources at the end of the Al-Sharqawiyah Canal is one of the most important problems faced by the Central Administration of Water Resources and Irrigation in Qalyubia. Accordingly, the research assessed the status of the waterway and estimated some economic and social indicators of some agricultural crops during the 2018/2019 agricultural season in the study area.
The results of the research showed that the Al-Sharqawiyah Canal suffers from a decrease in hydraulic efficiency, which led to the intolerance of the behaviors required to irrigate all the area it serves, and showed the decrease in the average agricultural productivity of winter crops at the end of the canal from the beginning by ratios ranging from (7.3 : 9.6), as shown to be the decrease in the average feddan productivity of summer crops at the end of the canal from the beginning in proportions ranging from (4.8: 8.3)% with the increase of average cost of feddan production at the end of the canal from the beginning in proportions ranging from (0.4: 4.3), (1.7: 2.3) for winter and summer crops, respectively,, The results also indicated a decrease in the average net yield per feddan for winter and summer crops at the end of the canal at the beginning they ranged from (16.0: 42.8%), (17.3: 28.6)% respectively, and (T- test) showed a significant differences at 1% during the 2018/2019 season.
The study estimated the amount of income losses during the same agricultural season of crops in Qalyub and Shabin Al-Qanater at 147 million L.E/year.
Accordingly, the research recommended the need to rehabilitate the canal and return it to its design status as much as possible, with lining and rehabilitating the sub-canals that feed from Al-Sharqawiyah Canal within a period of not more than 3 years.