Establishment Somatic Embryogenesis of Some Mango Rootstocks in Vitro

This work was an attempt to develop an In vitro technique for accomplished somatic embryos of some polyembryonic mango rootstocks (Saber and 13-1). Standardize in-vitro regeneration protocol in producing disease free; true-to-type and homogeneous high quality plants are prerequisite. Nucellar tissues from immature mango fruits of poly-embryonic rootstocks. The two mango rootstocks were cultured on full strength of B5 and MS media supplemented with different concentrations of some amino acids and vitamins.  Embryos of (Saber and 13-1were used as a source of immature embryos (after pollination and fertilization stages) as explants. All 15 of day-old immature embryos of Sabre and 13-1 mango rootstocks were died after two months, while all other embryo ages 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 day-old were growth after the same time, also the best germination percentage, when immature embryos were cultured on the same media after 40 and 50 days from pollination and fertilization stages. MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg /L of BA possessed the highest embryos number per germinated embryo compared with another rootstock on the same media.  The highest germinated embryos achieved when somatic embryogenesis of tow mango rootstocks were cultured on half – strength MS media were supplemented with 30% sucrose compared with other treatments. Half-strength MS was superior to full-strength MS media on germination stage. Saber mango rootstock was superior to 13-1 rootstock regarding to the direct somatic embryogenesis; development of embryos; large scale somatic embryogenesis and the highest germination percentage and number of germinated embryos; on the other hand, Saber mango rootstock was least mango rootstock regarding the highest death percentage of embryos compared with 13-1 mango rootstock. It could be recommended that somatic embryogenesis technique possibility of a rapid multiplication on the mango rootstocks saber and 13-1 grew into plantlets.