Genetical Analysis for Substiential Traits in New Yellow Maize Crosses Using Line X Tester Model

Sixteen yellow maize inbred lines were crossed to three testers of maize to estimate combining ability, for plant height, ear height, earliness and yield traits. The produce 48 crosses, SC Hytech 2088, SC Pioneer 3084, SC 3444, TWC Fine seeds 654 and TWC 352 were evaluated at the Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University in RCBD with 3 replicates. Mean squares due to crosses (C), testers (T), inbred lines (L) and line x tester (LxT) were significant (P>0.05) for all studied traits. Non- additive gene action (δ2SCA) is more pervading in determining inheritance of all studied traits. The contribution of inbred lines x testers to total variances as much higher than inbred lines or testers in all traits. However, the contribution of inbred lines to total variances was much higher than testers in all traits. The inbred line No 11 showed desirable (ĝi) for earliness traits and the best desirable combiner for grain yield / plant was No 3 followed by inbred line 11 then inbred line No1 and 10 since they expressed the highest significant and positive (ĝi) effects.
. The cross L3xT3 exhibited Significant and negative Sij effects for days to 50% tasseling and silking.  The most desirable SCA effects for grain yield/ plant were detected by the top crosses combinations between T1 and each of L1,L2,L4,L7,L9, L10,L11, L13 and L16 ,also, between T2 and each of L3,L6, L8, L9,L10,L12,L15 and L16,also between T3 and each of L4,L5,L8,L12 and L14.