Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Growth, yield and yield components of wheat as affected by crop sequences, seeding rates and nitrogen fertilizer levels11410390310.21608/assjm.2016.103903ENAmira A.El-MehyCrop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Res. Instit., ARC, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20160101Two field experiments were carried out in Kafr El-Hamam Agriculture Research Station, Sharkia Governorates, ARC, during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons to study the effect of five crop sequences (maize/wheat (CS1), intercropping potatoes with maize/wheat (CS2), maize/fahlberseem/wheat (CS3), maize/peas/wheat (CS4), maize/fodder maize/wheat (CS5)) and four combination treatments between seeding rates and nitrogen fertilizer levels were as follows 50 kg seeds+60 kg N/fed (SN1), 50 kg seeds+75 kg N/fed (SN2), 60 kg seeds+60 kg N/fed (SN3), 60 kg seeds+75 kg N /fed (SN4) on growth, yield and its components of wheat (cv. Sakha 94). The treatments were arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plots were occupied by crop sequences and seeding rates with N fertilizer levels were assigned to the sup plots. The results revealed that:
Crop sequences had significant effect on plant height, number of tillers and spikes/m<sup>2</sup>, spike length, weight of spike and grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, cereal units, total income and total net income of wheat in both seasons as well as straw yield/fed in 1<sup>st</sup> season only. Legume as preceding crops for wheat gave significantly higher grain yield compared with fodder maize. Whereas, the highest grain yield and net income after fahlberseem, (2.959, 2.980 ton/fed and 5422, 5414 L.E/fed), was at par with grain yield and net income obtained after peas, being (2.886 and 2.939 ton/fed as well as 5191 and 5071 L.E/fed), with an ignored differences in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> seasons, respectively.
Increasing seeding rates from 50 to 60 kg/fed caused a significant increase in number of tillers and spikes/m<sup>2</sup>, grain and straw yields/fed. On the other hand, increasing seeding rates caused a reduction in spike length, number of spikelets/spike, weight of spike and grains/spike as well as 1000-grain weight.
All characters gradually increased by increasing N fertilizer levels from 60 to 75 kg N/fed. Maximum grain yield was 2.801 and 2.888 ton/fed obtained from SN4 (60 kg seeds+75 kg N /fed) followed by SN2 (50 kg seeds+75 kg N/fed) being, 2.757 and 2.825 ton/fed in 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd </sup>seasons, respectively. Similarly, the highest cereal units, total income and net income were detected with SN4 (60 kg seeds+75 kg N /fed) followed by SN2 (50 kg seeds+75 kg N/fed). It is worth to noting that under the same level of N fertilizer differences among seeding rates did not reach level of significance.
The interaction effect of crop sequences and seeding rates and N fertilizer levels showed significant differences in plant height, spike length, spike weight and 1000-grain weight.
Multiple cropping had significantly increased total cereal units, net incomes,land use efficiency (multiple cropping index(MCI) and cultivated land utilization index (CLUI)).Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Selection of some faba bean segregation genotypes in contrasting environments152410390510.21608/assjm.2016.103905ENEhab H.El-HartyLegume Research Section, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619. Egypt.
Legume Research Unit., Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20160106 Bulk selection method was used among six faba bean crosses during F<sub>3</sub> and F<sub>4</sub> generations under drought and/or non-drought conditions.Four methods (M<sub>1</sub>, was grown under drought in F<sub>3</sub> and F<sub>4</sub>, M<sub>2</sub>, was grown under drought in F<sub>3</sub> and non- drought in F<sub>4</sub>, M<sub>3</sub>, was grown under non-drought in F<sub>3</sub> and drought in F<sub>4</sub> and M<sub>4</sub>, was grown under non-drought in F<sub>3</sub> and F<sub>4</sub>) were formed from each cross in F<sub>5</sub>and evaluatedin two open field experiments (under drought and non-drought conditions). The experiments were planted in split plotdesign with crosses in main plots and selection methods in sup plots. Highly significant differences among crosses and methods and their interactions were reported by combined analysis of both environments.Drought harmful faba bean traits and seed yield decreased from 53.5 to 74.4%. Under drought stress, M<sub>1</sub> selection method produced the highest seed yield andcrosses of Hassawi2 by Luz and by TW had the highest seed yield/plant 15.4 and 13.3g, respectively. On the other side M4 was the best selection method for non-stress conditionsand TW x Hassawi2, TW x Hassawi3 and Luz x Hassawi3 recorded highest seed yield 41.7, 37.9 and 37.3g, respectively. High values of PCV, GCV for M<sub>4</sub>under non-drought suggested that bulk selection under favorite conditions increased the phenotypic and genotypic variance, particularly under same conditions. heritabilityvalues were higher for each selection method under conditions that breed for it indicating that, selected high yields under specific condition may be combined with sensitive alleles to other condition.Plants exposed to different conditions of drought and non-stress during the previous generations (M<sub>2</sub> and M<sub>3</sub>) were had less response to environments changes with low seed yield.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Sugar beet yield and quality as affected by concentration of boron and methanol application.253410390610.21608/assjm.2016.103906ENH. E.ANemeata AllaSugar Crop Res. Ins., Agric. Res. Center, GizaJournal Article20160101The aim of this research is to assess the effect of foliar spraying with boron and methanol levels and time of methanol application. Two field experiments were conducted at EL-Haamoul district Kafer EL-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. Strip-plot design was used in both seasons. Main plot (vertical) allocated with Boron levels (0, 1 and 1.5 Kg/fed.) sub plot (horizontal plots) takes Methanol rates (15%, 30% and 45% v/v) this solution were sprayed overhead 3 times in two weeks intervals starting after 55 and repeated at 70 and 80 days from sowing with(zero, one, two and three times) were distributed in sub-sub plots. Obtained results indicated that addition boron on foliage as foliar spraying at rate of 1.5 Kg/fed. Significantly increased affected on the values of most characters under study i.e. root dimension, yields of root, top and sugar per fed. In additions to impurities (Na, K and α-N) and quality traits as sucrose and sugar losses percentages. On the other hand purity and extractability percentage gave the highest values with control treatments. This was true in both seasons. Application of methanol solution at level 45% take the mentioned trend of boron and gave the highest values 45% compared with level 15% which recorded the lowest values with purity and extractability percentages. Times of foliar applications of methanol on sugar beet leaves at three times recorded the highest values for most traits as boron and methanol levels except impurities content ( Na, K, α-N). alkalinity, purity, extractability% which recorded in significant effect on values of these traits in both seasons. Whereas, sugar losses% showed significant increase in the second season only, sugar extractable% and sugar yield (ton/fed.). Significant interaction effects were found between factors under study on some traits in both seasons.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Thermoregulatory responses of Baladi and crossbred goat does under subtropical conditions.354610390810.21608/assjm.2016.103908ENH. M.El-zaherDepartment of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759Journal Article20160119This experiment was conducted to study the effect of heat stress on thermoregulatory responses in Baladi and crossbrd (50% Baladi x 50% Zaraibi) female goats reared under desert of Inshas area during estrous cycle, pregnancy stages and postpartum periods under hot season (period from May, 2014 to October, 2014) compared with mild season (period from October, 2013 to March, 2014) and measure the difference between performance of crossbred animals and performance of the breed that were crossed to evaluate adaptability of two breed throughout these stages, point out hot climate condition of Egyptian environment. It has been used in this research 40 mature female goats (20 Baladi and 20 crossbred (50% Zaraibi x 50% Baladi) with an average age of 2-3 years and an average body weight was ranging from 25±1.5 kg to 35±1.6 kg for Baladi and crossbred, respectively, the experiment lasted for two seasons (mild and hot). The animals were kept in semi-open pens during the experimental period and allowed to graze for five hours daily at least. Thermoregulatory responses of the animal were estimated in terms of rectal temperature (RT), skin temperature (ST) and respiratory rate (RR).Results showed significant decrease (P<0.0001)in RT, ST and RR during mild season as compared with hot season during the estrous cycle. Also, crossbred showed lower (P<0.01 or P<0.05)RT in comparison with Baladi goat does during different stages of estrous cycle. While ST and RR showed insignificant variations between crossbred and Baladi goat does during different stage of estrous cycle. During pregnancy stages Baladi and crossbred goat does recorded significant low (P<0.0001)RT, ST and RR under mild season compared with hot season throughout different stages of pregnancy. Crossbred showed lower (P<0.05 or P<0.0001)RT than Baladi goat does during different stages of pregnancy, however insignificant variations in ST and RR between crossbred and Baladi goat does during different stages of pregnancy. During postpartum periods Baladi and crossbred goat does recorded significant low (P<0.05 or P<0.0001)RT, ST and RR under mild season in comparison with hot season throughout different stages of postpartum. While RT showed significant variation (P<0.05) between crossbred and Baladi goat does in different stages of postpartum (day of parturition and 15 days postpartum), except 30 days postpartum which insignificantly affected by breed. ST showed significant variation (P<0.01) between crossbred and Baladi goat does in 30 days postpartum only. However RR showed significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01) decrease in crossbred as compared with Baladi goat does in different stages of postpartum. From the present results, it could be concluded that, each of season, goat breed and physiological status were affected on rectal temperature, skin temperature and respiration rate throughout the estrous cycle, pregnancy stages and postpartum period of Baladi goat does and its crosses with Zaraibi (50% Baladi x 50% Zaraibi).Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Alleviation of thermoregulatory responses of Baladi Does by chromium and Selenium-E supplementation in subtropical areas.475610390910.21608/assjm.2016.103909ENS. Y.EidDepartment of Biological Applications, Radioisotopes Applications Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, Egypt, P.O.13759Journal Article20160105This experiment was conducted to study the effect of the treating Baladi female goats with chromium and selenium-E during estrous cycle, pregnancy and postpartum periods to alleviate thermoregulatory responses of animals under hot conditions in Egypt to improve their performance throughout these stages. It has been used in this research 72 mature Baladi does (36 animal / season) with an average age of 2-3 years and an average body weight of 25 Kg, the experiment lasted for two seasons (mild and hot). Animals were divided randomly into three similar groups, the 1<sup>st</sup> group was kept without any treatments (control), the 2nd group was supplemented by chromium (chromium chloride, Cr). The 3<sup>rd</sup> group was injected intramuscularly twice a week with 2ml viteselen®, contained 0.5 mg selenium and 10.7 IU vitamin E (Se-E). Animals were kept in semi-open pens during the experimental period and allowed to graze for five hours daily at least. Thermoregulatory responses of the animal were estimated in terms of rectal temperature (RT), skin temperature (ST) and respiratory rate (RR). Results showed significant decrease in RT during the estrous cycle due to Cr and Se-E treatments. Also, Selenium-E injection showed lower ST during most of the different stages of estrous cycle. Under hot season, each of chromium and selenium-E reduced ST during estrous cycle while this effect was only due to Se-E for RR without chromium .Both Cr and Se-E treatments decreased RT and ST throughout different stages of pregnancy, except at late pregnancy of Se-E group. Under hot season conditions, does injected with Se-E were the lowest in RR during the mid and late pregnancy compared with other groups. While Cr group did not reveal significant effect on RR. During postpartum period Cr and Se-E supplementation under hot condition showed significant decrease in RT and ST. Both treatments decreased (P<0.05) RR during the postpartum period, only Se-E exhibited this decline under hot season.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Virulence of Lasiodiplodia theobromae the causal of grapevine die-back disease in Egypt576210391010.21608/assjm.2016.103910ENG. M.El-Habbaa** Plant Pathology Dept., Fac. Agric., Benha Univ., EgyptJournal Article20160119Isolation trails from die-backed grapevine shoots during season 2011 confirmed that<em>Lasiodiplodia<em>theobromae</em></em>was more frequently isolated fungus than others from symptomatic shoots collected from the five different vineyards in the surveyed governorates. <em>Lasiodiplodiatheobromae</em>-B (Beheira isolate)recorded the highest frequent one while the lowest one was inSharkia.Testing the five isolates of<em>L.theobromae</em>(B, G, M, D, and S) on wounded shoots (5 mm long, 2mm deep at distance 30 cm down the terminal bud)using disk technique induced grapevine die-backsymptoms while, the other isolated fungi <em>i.e.,Alternaria alternata, Aspergillusniger</em> and <em>Fusariumsolani, </em>were not able to induce die-back symptoms onto artificially inoculated grapevine shoots. Increasing the incubation period of inoculated grapevine shoots from 7-30 days increased gradually the averagesof die-backed areas for all tested <em>L. theobromae</em> isolates with significant differences among them at all incubation periods.Also, all five isolates of <em>L. theobromae</em>(B, G, M, D, and S) were able to cause die-back symptoms onto grapevine shoots at all incubation periods usingspore suspension technique.Also, <em>L.theobromae</em>-B isolate (Beheira isolate) was highest infective one causing die-back symptoms at 30 days post inoculation followed by <em>L. theobromae</em>-G and M isolates respectively.All tested cultivars <em>i.e.,</em> Thompson seedless, Flame seedless, Crimson and RomiAhmer were susceptible to infection with <em>L.theobromae</em> isolate-B, however, Thompson seedless cv. was the highly susceptible one to infection with dieback disease.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Potential acting of a novice Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain as a plant growth-promoting factor637610391110.21608/assjm.2016.103911ENA. A.SalemAgric. Microbiol, Botany Dept., Fac. of Agric. at Moshtohor, Benha Univ.Journal Article20160119Isolation of fifteen bacterial isolates were carried out from samples of a watering canal at Al Hadady-Damrou, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, (31.3°N 30.93°E). Isolation was carried out on nitrogen free Ashby’s medium. Screening process was achieved based on nitrogenase activity. The more potent bacterial isolate was selected for the subsequent experiments and was tested as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Ultrastructural, cultural, biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA partial sequence were used for identification and characterization the obtained isolate. The 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed that the nearest bacterial species to our isolate was <em>Achromobacter xylosoxidans</em>, with about 97% matching. Diazotrophic nature of this obtained isolate was confirmed by its ability to produce nitrogenase. Its ability to produce indole acetic acid, gibberellin and solubilize rock phosphate were confirmed through in vitro assay. Tomato inoculation with the obtained <em>A. xylosoxidans</em> under greenhouse conditions, significantly increased the vegetative growth, yield parameters as well as endogenous phytohormones content using with common free diazotrophic PGPR <em>Azotobacter chroococcum </em>as a reference isolate. Data revealed the importance of soil inoculation with the obtained isolate and its role in increasing soil enzymatic activity.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Isolation and identification of yeasts along wastewater treatment lines at Zagazig plant778410391210.21608/assjm.2016.103912ENSherefa Z.HamedAgriculture Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, EgyptJournal Article20160101Phenol is one of the most common pollutants in many kinds of industrial wastewater, some of which are in high heavy metals contents, resulting in more difficulties of biodegradation. This study aims to characterize the presence of yeasts along the processes in wastewater treatment plant (WTP) at Zagazig City. The most predominant species of yeast in wastewater were <em>Candida </em><em>parasopilis</em><strong> (n=5),</strong><em> Candida krusei </em><strong>(n=8)</strong><em> Cryptococcus neoformans </em><strong>(n=3)</strong>,<em> Geotrichum candidum. </em><strong>(n=9)</strong> and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em><strong> (n=5)</strong>. The distribution of these species in wastewater was 17, 27, 10, 30 and 17%, respectively. <em>Geotrichum candidum</em>and<em> Candida krusei</em> were the most common fungal species isolated and were present in a significant proportion in wastewaters. However, between the 30 yeast isolates, only 11 isolates (3: <em>C. </em><em>parasopilis</em><strong>,</strong>3: <em>C. krusei</em>, 3: <em>G. candidum </em>and 2: <em>S. cerevisiae</em><strong>) </strong>showed a high growth rate at phenol concentration reaching up to 20 mg/l. Also, all strains could grow at high concentration of zinc sulphate, reaching up to 12 mg/l. The untreated of <em>C. </em><em>parasopilis</em> and treatment with 0.7 mg/l phenol concentration had a normal morphology with no cell morphological changes by scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that this strain is a good candidate to be used in further studies and different applications in the field of treated wastewater form phenol and heavy metal biosorption.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301The effects of azadirachtin and emamectin benzoate insecticides as organic pollutants on experimental rats859410391310.21608/assjm.2016.103913ENM. Z.MAliNew Kasr El-Ainy-Teaching Hospital, EgyptJournal Article20160119 The present study aimed to throw light on the efficiency of two insecticides, Azadirachtin and Emamectin Benzoate.Chemical components of serum blood andhistopathological were examined by three different doses treated orally (1/100, 1/150 and1/225 LD<sub>50</sub>) of adult mature male albino rats weighting (100-120) g for 60 days. The results showed that there were significant increases ofALT,AST,urea and creatinine in the treatment of Azadirachtin more than Emamectin Benzoate and control. On the other hand there were significant decreses in protein content in the treatment of Azadirachtin more than Emamectin Benzoate on comparision with control. Histological studies were certain of chemical analysis results.At the end all the results indicated the toxic nature of the Azadirachtin insecticide were more than Emamectin Benzoate on albino rats.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Quality Characteristics of Common Carp Fish Pastirma9510410391410.21608/assjm.2016.103914ENM.MMahmoudNational Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Fish Processing and Technology Lab., Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20160101The aim of this study was to produce fish pastirma from common carp (<em>Cyprinuscarpio</em>) and evaluate the quality of this product. Fish pastirma samples were packed in polyethylene plastic bags and subjected to physicochemical, microbiological and organoleptic analysis at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days of storage at (25±2ºC) and at 0, 7, 14, 21and 30 days of storage at refrigeration condition (5±1ºC). Results showed that, moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates and salt contents% of fresh fish pastirma were 51.80, 21.27, 13.38, 8.54, 5.01 and 7.00 %, respectively. There was significant effect at (p<0.05) of storage conditions on the proximate chemical composition. Also, there was significant at (p<0.05) incremental pattern in TVB-N values of fish pastirma during both storage conditions with different rates. But, TBA values showed fluctuate pattern at ambient and cold storage. Fish pastirma retained its microbiological quality till the end of storage depends on TBC, coliform as well as molds and yeasts during ambient and cold storage. All fish pastirma accepted and had acceptable limits of its organoleptic properties. Overall acceptability of refrigerated fish pastirma was higher than that stored at ambient temperature till the end of storage periods. Therefore, common carp fish pastirma such as a new product consider one of the successful methods to improve common carp fish utilization, which is undesirable in fresh form because it's sensorial properties and a one of the trials for high production in fish farms for this specie in Egypt.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Effect of organic fertilizer and foliar spray with some safety compounds on growth and productivity of snap bean10511810393110.21608/assjm.2016.103931ENF. A.Abo-SederaHorticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture,Benha University, Egypt.Journal Article20160101A field experiment was carried out during the two successive fall seasons of 2014 and 2015 in a private farm at DamaloVillage, QalubiaGovernoratein clay soil, to investigate the effect of three nitrogen sources and foliar spray with some safety compound i.e., compost tea, seaweed extract (Algreen), micronized calcium carbonate (Lithovit) and distilled water (Control) on growth, chemical composition and productivity of snap bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris L.)</em> cv. River Grow. This experiments included 12 treatments resulted from the interaction between four foliar applications with safety compound treatments and three nitrogen sources (Chicken manure, Rabbit manure and mineral fertilizer) used at recommended dose of nitrogen (60 kg N/fed.). Obtained results showed that, Rabbit manure at 2.6 t/fed. reflected the highest values of early and total yield in both seasons. In this respect, safety compounds-sprayed plants showed its superiority in the vegetative growth, total produced green pods yield and its components as well as pod quality as compared with the control (distilled water). In addition, using Lithovit at 3 g/l followed by Algreenat 2 cm<sup>3</sup>/lcombined with rabbit manure or mineral fertilizer as soil addition reflected the highest values in all studied growth and yield traits.
Thereby, it could be recommended that foliar application with micronized calcium carbonate (Lithovit) as safety compound with mineral fertilizeror rabbit manure (as asource of nitrogen) could be used to improve growth, chemical composition, productivity and quality of snap bean.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Efficacy of some plant oils against two stored product insects11912810393310.21608/assjm.2016.103933ENMohamed M.AzabPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agric., BenhaUniv.,Qalubia, EgyptJournal Article20160120To investigate the insecticidal activity ofmarjoram, caraway and worm wood oils against the adults of <em>Sitophilusoryzae</em>(L.) (Curculionidae, Coleoptera) and the active anddiapausing larvae ofkhapera beetle <em>Trogoderemagranarium</em> (Everts) laboratory bioassay tests were conducted, at four to five concentrations of eachplant oil, of21days under 30 and 20 ±1°C. The results indicated that the mortality of tested insects increased with increasing the plant oil concentration,exposure period and temperature, where the complete mortality of <em>S. oryzae</em> adults was obtained at 1.5 and 1% (v/w) of the three tested oils, after 21 days exposure periods at 30°C.Data also revealed that at 20°C, the worm wood oil was the most toxic for the studied insects, and it gave LC<sub>50s </sub>of 2.41, 2.90 and 0.21%foractive anddiapausing larvae of<em>T</em>.<em>granarium</em> (after 14 days exposure period) andfor the adults of <em>S</em>.<em>oryzae</em>(after 3 days exposure period), respectively. Caraway oil was the most toxic at 30ºC against theactive and diapausing larvae of <em>T</em>. <em>granarium</em>.The adults of <em>S</em>.<em>oryzae</em>were more sensitive to investigated plant oilsthan active anddiapausing larvae of<em>Tgranarium</em>. It can be concluded that marjoram, caraway and worm wood oils have a toxic activity against the two stored-product insects, <em>S</em>.<em>oryzae</em>and <em>T</em>. <em>granarium</em>.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Ecological Studies on Aphid Species Infesting Main cereal Crops12913810407510.21608/assjm.2016.104075ENS. A.AmerPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20160102The present work was conducted during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons to survey aphid species infesting maize, wheat and barley at Abo-Hammad district, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Effects of some climatic factorson population of the dominant aphid species were also studied. The aphids,<em> Rhopalosiphum maidis </em>(Fitch), <em>Rhopalosiphum padi </em>(L.), <em>Schizaphis graminum</em> (Rond.) and <em>Sitobion avenae</em> (F.) were collected from wheat and barley plants, while<em> R. maidis </em>(Fitch)<em>,</em> <em>R. padi </em>(L.) and <em>Aphis gossypii</em> (Glov.) were collected from maize plants. Plant sample proved to be efficient method to collect and survey aphid species during the two successive seasons of investigation. Regarding the seasonal abundance on maize, <em>R. maidis </em>(Fitch)recorded one peak at the 2<sup>nd</sup> week of August in both seasons 2012 and 2013 (1640 and 1250 individuals/sample, respectively), also <em>R. padi</em> (L.) and <em>A. gossypii</em> (Glov.) had one peak in the 3<sup>rd</sup> week of August in 2012 and 2013 seasons (978 & 95 and 815 & 91 individuals/sample, respectively). On wheat, <em>R</em>.<em> padi</em> (L.) and<em> R. maidis</em> (Fitch) were represented by one peak at the last week of February in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons (320 & 285 and 450 & 266 individuals/sample, respectively), while<em> S. graminum</em> (Rond.) recorded one peak on the first week of March in 2012/2103 and 2013/2014 seasons (87 and 79 individuals/sample, respectively). <em>S. avenae</em> (F.) recorded one peak on the 2<sup>nd</sup> week of April in both studies seasons (199 and 710 individuals/sample, respectively). On barley, <em>R. padi</em> (L.) was represented by one peak at the third week of February in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons (238 & 271 individuals/sample, respectively) but the only peakof <em>R. maidis</em> (Fitch) was at the third and fourth week of February in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons (246 & 174 individuals/sample), respectively. <em>S. graminum </em>(Rond.) recorded one peak on the 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> week of February in 2012/2103 and 2013/2014 seasons (34 and 35 individuals/sample), respectively. The results indicated that the tested meteorological factors play a great role in regulating the population density and seasonal abundance of these aphid species.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Effect of selected planting dates on root- knot nematodes population and productivity of sugarbeet variety, Pleno13914610407610.21608/assjm.2016.104076ENTamer FathyYounisplant protectionJournal Article20160110The effect of three planting dates (August 25, September and October) on infectivity of root- knot nematode species and productivity of sugar beet var. Pleno was evaluated. The results indicated that the 1<sup>st</sup> planting date showed the highest values of nematode infection parameters (i.e. numbers of galls, eggmasses, development stages root system<sup>-1</sup>, juveniles in soil and final population as well as reproduction factor) followed by 2<sup>nd</sup> planting date. However, the 3<sup>rd</sup> planting date achieved the lowest values of those nematode parameters. In addition, the data revealed that the 1<sup>st</sup> planting date obtained only the highest values for sucrose and purity percentages. On the other hand, the 3<sup>rd</sup> planting date recorded the highest values of roots, top, biological and sugar yields (tons fed<sup>-1</sup>). Therefore, the 3<sup>rd</sup> planting date (during October) was the most effective date against concerned species of root-knot nematodes on naturally infested sugar beet grown in sandy soil using drip irrigation system.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301الميزة النسبية والتنافسية للطماطم المصرية14715810407710.21608/assjm.2016.104077ENAbd Elnaby A.EL Sayedbenha uni.Journal Article20160120<strong>مقدمة : تعتبر دراسة الوضع النسبي والتنافسي لأي من السلع الزراعية المصرية التصديرية بصفة خاصة السريعة التلف منها والتي تحتاج لمعاملات تجهيزية معينة تقترن ببالغ الدقة حتى تتفق والمواصفات العالمية للجودة نوعاً وکماً ، وتعتبر الطماطم المصرية أحد أهم هذه السلع ، ومن الأهمية بمکان دراسة الوضع الراهن لصادرات تلک السلعة في ظل تعدد الأسواق الأجنبية المستوردة لها التقليدية منها وغير التقليدية نظراً لميول مستهلکيها في تلک الدول فيما يتعلق بأذواقهم وتفضيلاتهم لتلک السلعة المصرية ، فعلى المستوى المحلي يساهم المحصول دخلاً زراعياً يبلغ حوالي 10,19 مليار جنيه بما يمثل نحو 5,91% ، 46,19% من إجمالي الدخل الزراعي ، والخضري البالغ حوالي 172,6 ،22,1 <sup>(<strong>[1]</strong>)</sup> مليار جنيه على الترتيب وذلک في المتوسط للفترة ( 2009 - 2013 ) ، وعلى المستوى العالمي تحتل الطماطم المصرية المرتبة الخامسة بما يمثل نحو 4,85% من إجمالي المساحة المزروعة بها والتي تبلغ حوالي4675,9<sup>(<strong>[2]</strong>)</sup> مليون هکتار في المتوسط لذات الفترة وذلک من بين أهم الدول المنتجة لها ، کما أن الصادرات المصرية لهذا المحصول تحتل المرتبة الرابعة والعشرين بما يمثل نحو 0,42% من إجمالي کمية الصادرات العالمية منها والتي تبلغ حوالي 7,45<sup>(<strong>[3]</strong>)</sup> مليون طن وذلک من بين أهم الدول المصدرة لها على المستوى العالمي وذلک في المتوسط لذات الفترة سالفة الذکر . وفي ضوء ذلک يستلزم دراسة بعض مؤشرات الميزة النسبية ، وکذلک الميزة التنافسية للتعرف على مدى ما تتمتع به تلک السلعة المصرية من ميزة نسبية و تنافسية في أسواقها الإستيرادية ، وذلک في ظل تعدد الدول المصدرة لها والمنافسة لمصر في السوق العالمي . </strong>
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<strong>(<strong>[1]</strong>) وزارة الزراعة واستصلاح الأراضي ، الإدارة المرکزية للإقتصاد الزراعي ، <span style="text-decoration: underline;">نشرة الإقتصاد الزراعي</span> ، أعداد متفرقة . </strong>
<strong><strong>[2]</strong></strong><strong>) ) منظمة الأغذية والزراعة ( </strong><strong>F.A.O</strong><strong> ) ، <span style="text-decoration: underline;">شبکة الإنترنت</span> . </strong>
<strong> (</strong><strong><strong>[3]</strong></strong><strong>)منظمة الأغذية والزراعة ( </strong><strong>F.A.O</strong><strong> ) ، <span style="text-decoration: underline;">شبکة الإنترنت</span> . </strong>Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301دراسة الاستقرار الاقتصادى للصادرات المصرية من البطاطس إلى دول الإتحاد الأوربى15917010407810.21608/assjm.2016.104078ENJournal Article20160108استهدف هذا البحث تقدير الإتجاه الزمنى العام لکل من المساحة والإنتاج وتکاليف الإنتاج لمحصول البطاطس فى مصر خلال الفترة 1999-2014.، lk obg تقدير الأهمية النسبية لکمية صادرات مصر من البطاطس لدول الإتحاد الأوربى بالنسبة إلى صادرات مصر الکلية من البطاطس، وتقدير الأهمية النسبية لقيمة صادرات مصر من البطاطس لدول الإتحاد الأوربى بالنسبة إلى قيمة صادرات مصر الکلية من البطاطس، ودراسة التوزيع الجغرافى لکمية وقيمة صادرات مصر من البطاطس لأهم دول السوق الأوربية المشترکة، ودراسة الإستقرار الاقتصادى لصادرات البطاطس الکلية وصادراتها إلى دول الإتحاد الأوربى، وتقدير دالة الطلب الخارجى على الصادرات المصرية من البطاطس باستخدام نموذج المشارکة السوقية.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301السلوک التنفيذى للمراة الريفية فى مجال مکافحة الفئران ببعض قرى محافظة الشرقية17118410407910.21608/assjm.2016.104079ENAml MohamedMahmood GomaaAgricultural Extension & Rural Development Research Institute
Agricultural Research CenterJournal Article20160112 إستهدف البحث التعرف على الأضرار التى تسببها الفئران من وجهة نظر المبحوثات، وتحديد مستوى تنفيذهن لأساليب مکافحة الفئران فى کل من المنزل والحقل والمخزن وحظائر الدواجن، بالإضاقة إلى التعرف على المشکلات التى تواجههن أثناء تنفيذهن لتلک الأساليب، ومقترحاتهن للتغلب على هذه المشکلات .
وقد أجرى البحث بمرکزى بلبيس، ومنيا القمح بمحافظة الشرقية حيث تم إختيارهما بطريقة عشوائية، کما تم إختيار قريتين من کل مرکز بطريقة عشوائية أيضا، وبناء على ذلک تم إختيار عينة من زوجات الزراع بنسبة 10% من إجمالى الزراع بالقرى المختارة والبالغ 2200 مزارع، وعلى ذلک بلغ حجم عينة البحث 220 مبحوثة منهم 62 مبحوثة من قرية السلام، و48 مبحوثة من قرية ميت حمل بمرکز بلبيس، و49 مبحوثة من قرية بنى هلال، و61 مبحوثة من قرية ملامس بمرکز منيا القمح، وتم جمع البيانات بالمقابلة الشخصية بإستخدام إستمارة إستبيان تم إعدادها تحقيقا لأهداف البحث خلال شهر سبتمبر 2015، وتم معالجة البيانات کميا، واستخدم العرض الجدولي بالأعداد والنسب المئوية لعرض البيانات.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Economic analysis of the factors that affect food Consumption Patterns in Egypt18520010408010.21608/assjm.2016.104080ENHanan M.MahrousDairy Science Department, (PhD. Agricultural Economics), National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20160104The aim of this research is to study and analysis the changes which happened in forms of spending the income different foodstuff. And recogonization on range of variation in consumption patterns at Rural and Urban of Egypt between 2008/2009 and 2012/2013.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Differences between the views of researchers in the determinants of transportation of agricultural innovations in Qaliubiya20121010408110.21608/assjm.2016.104081ENJournal Article20160120 Research aimed mainly to identify the determinants of transportation of agricultural innovations from the perspective of researchers from the faculty members of the faculties of agriculture Benha University and Ain Shams province of Qaliubiya, by achieving the following objectives: to identify the presence and influence determinants on the transportation of agricultural innovations and determine the differences between the views of researchers with regard to co-exist and the impact of the determinants of transportation of agricultural innovations, and to achieve these goals questionnaire has been designed was compiled their data by personal interview with a sample of researchers stood strong 260 respondents from faculty members, has been the use of frequencies, the counter and the percentages and averages to display data and arrange the obstacles and use the test (z) to test Health statistical hypotheses concerning the differences between respondents.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301The implementation of the recommendations of the Technical farmers to produce citrus crop Qaliubiya province21122610408310.21608/assjm.2016.104083ENMahmoud Said MahmoudOmranFaculty of Agriculture - Benha UniversityJournal Article20160101Targeted research to identify the degree of implementation of growers of citrus to the recommendations of the art for the production of citrus fruits, and to identify the sources of persuading farmers to implement the recommendations of the production yield of citrus, as well as to identify the means to convince farmers to implement Tllk recommendations, and determine the relationship between the implementation of agriculture to the recommendations of the production of citrus fruits and the independent variables studied, and determine the ratios with the moral relationship variables contribution degree of implementation in the interpretation of kidney contrast to the degree of their implementation of the recommendations Tllk this along with identification of the problems faced by citrus growers and suggestions to solve them. <br /> And it has done research Qaliubiya province as one of the most important producing provinces of citrus in the Arab Republic of Egypt, was chosen as the top three centers in Qaliubiya province in terms of area cultivated Balmwalh a Tookh center, Banha, and Kafr Shukr was selected three villages impact of village each center represents the largest planted area Balmwalh a village Kerkhandh 1022 acres Tookh Center, and the village of Djoa 974.23 acres Banha Center, and the village of Tcefa 703.4 acres Kafr center thanks, was chosen as a systematic random sample of farmers reached 197 respondents 10% of the overall size of $ 1970 a farmer, was research data collection During the month of July 2015 by a questionnaire specially prepared to achieve the objectives of the research, and use the frequencies in the data view and the percentage and arithmetic mean and standard deviation, and coefficient of the simple Pearson correlation, model Correlative analysis and multiple regression and gradual uptrend.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301A study for level of Rural Woman Knowledge for maintaining the environment from pollution at Qulyoubia Governorate22724010408410.21608/assjm.2016.104084ENRabab Said Abd-ElkaderMohammedFaculty of Agriculture - Benha UniversityJournal Article20160120This study aimed to identify knowledge degree of rural woman for maintaining the environment from pollution in the areas of (dealing with household waste - dealing with agricultural waste-dealing with agricultural pesticides), and determine the relationship between that knowledge level and some studied independent variables, as well as determine the contribution of each related independent variables in explaining the variation in the degrees of environmental knowledge level. Finally identify the major problems facing rural woman in the field of maintaining the environment from pollution and her suggestions to solve them.
The study was conducted in Meet Kenana village, Toukh district, Marsafa village, Benha district and Nawa village, Shebeen El-Qanater district Qualyoubia Governorate.
A sample of 371 respondents representing 3.42% of total rural women was selected randomly from the investigated area.
Data were collected during September and October 2015 by personal interview using a pre-tested questionnaire. Tabulation, Arithmetic mean, frequencies and percentage, Pearson simple correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used to present and analyze data statistically.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Variations between the views of employees extension in occupational determinants the performance quality for their extension tasks Qalubiya Governorate24124810408510.21608/assjm.2016.104085ENR. T.TTahawyDemonstrator Department of Agricultural Economics - Faculty of Agriculture - Benha UniversityJournal Article20160108The determination of the of theextension tasks quality in term of extension employee opinions in the Qalubiyagovernorate was targeted. The following objectives was used. The identification of the presence and influence of professional determinants of the performance quality for extension employee for them extension tasks and determine the differences between the views of the respondents with respect to presence and influence of the determinants of professional of the performance quality for employees' tasks extension. To achieve these goals, a questionnaire has been designed. Then, its data were collected using personal interview with a sample of respondents to be 274 responded from advisors and specialists extension employee in Qaliubiya governorate. Moreover, the frequencies, numbers, percentages and averages was applied. To display the data and arrange limitations or obstacles as well as test (Z) was used to test the validity of statistical hypotheses concerning the differences between respondents.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Economic efficiency finance in the development of small enterprises in Yemen24926010408910.21608/assjm.2016.104089ENSaeed Abdo SaeedAl-RagehyFaculty of Agricultural, Benha UniversityJournal Article20160102The small projects are considered as the basic infrastructure to the Yemeni economy and have important rank in the economic and social development. although all this importance, small projects suffer a lot of problems and barriers that prevent achieving the economic and productive efficiency to these productive projects funded by the small funding programs under the supervision of the capital city Sana'a and this affects her role and her contribution to achieve the economic and social development in general and in developing the small projects in particular. So, the impact of loans in achieving the economic and productive development to the labor productivity projects should be studied and what are the most affecting factors in the value of the gross income to the agricultural production projects funded by the small funding programs under the supervision of Sana'a.
This study basically aims to recognize the reality and the nature of the funding and lending activity in the institutions and programs funding the small productive projects under the supervision of the capital Sana'a.Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Rural Women Implementation of the Recommended Practices to Improve Home Poultry Raising in Perma Village in Gharbia Governorate26128210409110.21608/assjm.2016.104091ENSoheir Esmail MohammedyBendaryAgricultural Extension and Rural Development Research Institute.Journal Article20160120This research aimed to identify whether rural women apply the improved and recommended practices in raising home poultry in four areas which were (Purchasing, Nutrition, shelters, and veterinary care), determine the implementation level of these practices, and the extension services introduced to them as well as the problems they face in this area and their suggestions to overcome it.
This research was carried out at Perma village in Gharbia Governorate on sample amounted to 100 rural family determined according to ISRAEL Equation, and from each family the woman who responsible for raising poultry was selected.
Data were collected through personal interview by using pre-tested questionnaires. Numbers, Frequencies, and Percentages, Simple Correlation Coefficients and Chi square tests were used to present and analysis data of the study.
Benha University; Faculty of AgricultureAnnals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor1110-041954120160301Effect of mineral fertilization (NP) on some growth characters of long staple cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.)28329010409210.21608/assjm.2016.104092ENMohamed S. AlkhashahRoissEllod Agriculture Research Station - Agriculture Research and ExtensionKhaled M. O.DowlatDepartment of Crops and rangeland, Faculty of Agriculture, Sana’a niversity Yemen.Journal Article20160101