2024-03-29T10:54:11Z
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=16554
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Role of Humic Substances and Compost Tea in Improvement of Endogenous Hormones Content, Flowering and Yield and its Components of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)
Production of faba bean in Egypt is still limited and fails to face the drastic increasing of local consumption due to decreasing the cultivated area and crop productivity. Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Minufiya University in Shebin El-Kom, Egypt to study the effect of organic substances (control, fulvic acid, humic acid and compost tea) applied either alone or in combinations on growth performance, leaf chemical constitutes, endogenous hormones content, flowering pattern, yield and quality of faba bean (Giza 3 cv.) during the two growing seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014. Fulvic and humic acids were added at a rate of 4 kg fed-1, while compost tea was added at a rate of 20 L fed-1 during the first irrigation by soil drench method. The obtained results indicated that adding of organic substances either alone or in combinations has an effective role on enhancement of studied characters of plant growth (plant height, number of branches plant-1, leaf area and dry weights of leaves and stem plant-1); photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyll content); endogenous phytohormones (IAA and GA3); leaf chemical constitutes (N, P, K, Zn; total soluble sugars and crude protein); flowering pattern (count and distribution of flowers and flowering duration); yield components (pods number plant-1, 100-seed weight, seed yield plant-1, seed yield fed-1 andstraw yield fed-1) and seed chemical composition (protein and carbohydrates % and their yields) as compared to the untreated plants. Compost tea combined with humic acid surpassed the other organic substances for the produced highest values of abovementioned characters with the exception of leaf K content, total soluble sugars, total flowers number plant-1, flowering duration and seed carbohydrates % which were obtained by humic application. On the other hand, untreated plants have an increase in ABA content and total abscission percent. According to previous, the study recommends the importance of regular use of these organic substances to reduce the need for synthetic commercial fertilizers and the production of safe food through sustainable agricultural development systems.
humic
Fulvic
compost tea
organic farming
Hormones
yield
Faba bean
2015
09
01
373
384
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109889_68dbce7b802b9309869ec0c8c603ae6b.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Can biofertilization ameliorate green onion production under salinity stress?
In current study, two successive experiments were carried out during 2014 and 2015 at the Experimental Research Farm, Sakha Horticulture Station, Kafr El-Sheikh. Eleven treatments included combinations with N, P and K microbial inoculants and 1/3 or 2/3 or 100% of N, P and K-mineral fertilizers. The effect of mineral combined with bio-fertilizers on quality and productivity of green onion under salt-affected soils has been investigated as well as on soil microbial enzyme activities. In general the highest values of soil dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activities were 27.0 and 35.3 µg TPF g-1 dw h-1 and 20.9 and 15.0 µg ρ NP g-1 h-1, respectively in both seasons using of the combination of these fertilizers (NPK-biofertilizers combined with 100% NPK-mineral fertilizers). Concerning vegetative growth parameters and total yield, NPK-microbial inoculants combined with 100% NPK-mineral fertilizers had the highest values. There were not significant differences in the most cases between N -microbial inoculants combined with 100% NPK-mineral fertilizers and PK-microbial inoculants combined with 100% NPK-mineral fertilizers, comparing with 2/3 NPK-mineral fertilizers + NPK- microbial inoculants. Total chlorophyll content was reduced by using biofertilizers alone (NPK-microbial inoculants alone). Moreover, using biofertilizers led to relatively decrease soil salinity. The results of this study suggest that, it should be replaced the mineral fertilizers by biofertilizers, even partially, to produce a better food and such integrated nutrient management program should be addressed under salt-affected soils.
Green onion
biofertilizers
Microbial inoculants
Mineral fertilizers
total yield
Quality
enzyme activities
2015
09
01
385
394
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109890_b6f2fbaa22eb1edac76fa1adcc77ee5c.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Production and Evaluation of New Types of Economic and Health Candy Bars for Schoolchildren
In this study the preparation of ten types of bar candy of available local raw materials in Egypt and priced economic cheap commensurate with limited income groups in Egypt, and this highly nutritious raw materials were used grinded each of maize, rice, wheat was added nutrients with a high nutritional value frequently used in the candy industry, a raisins, peanuts, chickpeas and also alternatives to butter and cocoa powder, milk powder for the manufacture of a dozen different blends three different manufacturing methods using extrusion thermal technology (extruder) was conducted sensory tests to ten mixes with two flicks of sensory evaluation method first target group of children's product for them candy bar they are disciples of the nursery and primary school pupils The second way using sensory arbitrators selected and testers carefully in ways that the selection of sensory arbitrators. The results of sensory evaluation of all very acceptable mixtures in terms of qualities and characteristics of sensory tested were conducted to assess the nutritional value of raw materials used for chemical analysis in manufacturing and was also blends the bar ten chemically analyzed and the results showed that the samples of nutritional value and high useful and appropriate from a nutritional point of schoolchildren were conducted microbiological necessary analyzes were made counting the kidneys to the bacteria, fungi, yeasts and some bacteria pathological dominant presence strains and the results showed the absence ten samples of bacteria Sick and compliance with the microbiological limits in accordance with the Egyptian standard specifications and therefore its integrity and safety for schoolchildren and finally concludes with the recommendation Find producing candy bar the previous ten Balkhaltat at the national level in the ministries of agriculture and the Egyptian Education school feeding plant
Candy bars
School feeding
Chemical composition
Sensory evaluation
Microbiological examination
Schoolchildren nutrition
2015
09
01
395
404
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109892_dade3630edd6547ea32a636980b8586c.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Effect of different irrigation levels on quality and storability of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes,L.)
This investigation was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, AL-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt during the two winter seasons of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 to study the effect of different irrigation levels (100,75and 50% from crop evapotranspiration) on quality of the kohlrabi tuber of the hybrid Grand Duke and its behavior during cold storage at 5c° and 90-95% RH or under the conditions of room temperature at ± 2 c° and 55-58%RH. The results indicated that the highest significant tuber fresh weight, size, diameter and total yield resulted from the irrigation with the level of 100% from Etc and the greatest significant solidness was obtained from the level 50%. From the chemical point of view, the tuber contents of total soluble solids, ascorbic acid and total acidity increased with the decrease in the irrigation levels up to 50% as compared with the level 100%. On the other hand, storage of the kohlrabi tubers showed that the minimum loss in weight and the unmarketable percentage were found in the irrigation level of 100% from Etc during the final storage periods of cold and room temperature storage at the same time irrigation of 50% hold the higher concentrations of T.S.S, ascorbic acid and total acidity in the stored tubers during storage periods in the two sort of storage with the prevalence of cold storage. Therefore, cold storage was the most obvious in retaining tuber quality much better than those stored under room temperature.
Kohlrabi
irrigation levels and storability
2015
09
01
405
414
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109893_d294af31cd9cd0465a9a9cbf75c457c9.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Studying behavior of navel orange trees under different irrigation treatments in the north middle nile delta.
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of three irrigation treatments (irrigation when 25, 50 and 75% of available soil moisture was depleted) in comparison with farm control treatment (traditional irrigation like to practice by local farmers) in the studied area on some water relations, productivity and fruit quality of Washington Navel orange trees under clay soil conditions during two successive seasons 2013 and 2014 at a private orchard in Desok district, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. The results showed that, the highest amount of applied water (7838.4 and 7389.8 m3/fed.), water consumptive use (113. 8 and 109.1m3/fed.) and stored water values in the effective root zone (5591.4 and 5391.7 m3/fed) were recorded under control treatment compared to the lowest values obtained by irrigation treatment when 75% of available soil moisture was depleted in both seasons respectively. The highest values of water application efficiency (82.90%) and consumptive use efficiency (65.72%) were recorded under irrigation treatment 75% of available soil moisture was depleted compared to the lowest values 72.15 and 61.5% respectively, obtained by control treatment in both seasons. The highest values of Water productivity (7.51 and 7.52 kg/m3) and productivity of irrigation water (4.81 and 4.95 kg/m3) were recorded under irrigation treatment I3 in the first and second growing seasons respectively.The trees were irrigated when 50% of available soil moisture was depleted gave the highest fruit yield and number of fruits per trees and tended to increase peel firmness, and thickness, SSC, acidity, Vit.C, and juice weight compared with the control. For N and K concentrations in leaves, results showed that irrigation treatments showed no significant effect on N and k but significant effect on P concentration.
Navel orange
Irrigation treatments
water relations
Tree productivity
fruit quality
2015
09
01
415
424
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109894_f64aefaa1042aa1c3d08c6d13cfdec5e.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Effect of rat urine (rattus norvegicus albinus) on the attractiveness and phagostimulants in the laboratory.
This study was carried out on five males and ten females of Rattus norvegicus albinus (Berk) in the Plant Protection Dept; of Faculty of Agricultureat Moshtohor to investigate urine attraction in different development all stages of rats, as well the phagostimulant effect of urine that added to feed at two concentrations10 % and 20 %. Results indicated that urine of mature males were the most attractive type of mature, pregnant females, immature males and females. Howevere, urine of estrus females were the most attractive type of adult males, pregnant females, immature males and females. Regarding the phagostimulant effect of urine on feed consumption it was found that urine of adult males were the most attractive to adult females, while estrus urine was the most attractive to adult males. In case of immature males and females the lactating urine were the most effective urine. It also appeared that pregnant females were not affected by any type of urine.
Rat urine
Rattus norvegicus albinus (Berk)
social behavior
Attractiveness
phagostimulant
2015
09
01
425
432
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109895_aa3d1143c8104dfa1460f66ad2f0b1ee.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Population dynamics of Fiorinia phoenicis (Hemiptera-Diaspididae) on date palm at Baharia Oases, Giza governorate, Egypt
The population dynamics of Fiorinia date scale, Fiorinia phoenicis (Hemiptera - Diaspididae) was studied for two successive years (2012/2013 and 2013/2014) on date palm cultivated at Baharia Oases, Giza Governorate. The obtained results revealed that, Fiorinia phoenicis has three annual field generations on date palm peaked in June/July; September and November in the two years. The longest generation occurred in autumn with duration of 5 months at mean temp. and R.H (21.4ºC & 65.5%R.H. and 22.8ºC & 66.2%R.H.), for the 1st and 2nd year respectively, whereas the shortest one was found in late summer with duration of 3 months at mean temp. and R.H (26.3ºC & 66.0%R.H. and 27.8ºC & 64.8%R.H.), for the 1st and 2nd year respectively. The intermediate generation occurred in early summer with duration of 4 months at mean temp. and R.H (22.8ºC & 63.4%R.H. and 24.9ºC & 63.6%R.H.) for the 1st and 2nd year, respectively.
The generation size varied in the two years, the autumn generation is the largest one (12259.8 & 12153.4 insects), for the 1st and 2nd year respectively, followed by late summer generation (8184.2 & 7430.4 insects), for the 1st and 2nd year respectively), while early summer generation was the lowest one (6688.3 & 7422.1 insects), for the 1st and 2ndyear, respectively.
The population of F. phoenicis was found to be distributed at random on the date palm fronds especially the older ones. The cardinal directions of the date palm received similar portions of insect population except for the south direction which received the highest portion of insect population (26.8 & 28% ), for the 1st and 2nd year respectively, and become relatively warmer and preferred for infestation than the other side's which received lesser and apparently similar portions of insect population (25.1 , 23.9% & 23.8, 24.3 % and 24.3 , 23.8 %), for East, West and North directions ( the 1st and 2nd year ),respectively.
The distribution of F. phoenicis population on the different parts of the date palm leaflets varied, as the middle stratum received the highest portion of insect population (40.0 & 43.4 %) followed by basal stratum (34.3 & 33.3%) and apical stratum (25.7 & 23.3%) for the 1st and 2nd year, respectively.
On the other hand, the insect activity was significantly affected by the daily mean minimum and maximum temperatures as well as % R.H. The changes in the half monthly counts of population, which were affected by the combined effect of these factors, which ranged (61.6 & 72.5% and 59.4 & 66.7%), for nymphs and adults (the 1st and 2nd year, respectively).
So, the annual pruning of date palm and offshoots by removing the infested old fronds (lower fronds) is necessary for reducing the insect population and to save the date palm and dates from infestation by F. phoenicis as well as to reduce the chemical control in order to keep the environment free from any contamination with pesticides.
Population dynamics
Fiorinia phoenicis
date palm
2015
09
01
333
343
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109896_2797771d7be3e2c9b275519e5bb41711.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Toxicity of Carbon Dioxide-Phosphine Combination to Tribolium Castaneum Inside Gastight Bins and Its Histological Effect on Albino Rats
Toxicity of Carbon dioxide (30%), Phosphine (100 ppm) and their combination against the developmental stages of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were studied under two degrees of temperatures20 and 30±2 °C, inside steel bins. The residual impact of the combination on the treated wheat was evaluated with respect to histological changes in different organs of rat fed on the treated wheat. Lethal time for 50, 90 and 99% (LT50, LT90 and LT99) after exposure periods of 1, 2, 3 and 5 days were calculated. Results indicated that the pupae were the least sensitive stage while the larvae were the most susceptible one to the combination. In addition, the mortalities of the different stages of T. castaneum in the combination treatment were higher than those obtained from each treatment alone. Histological examination for the rats feeding treated wheat with carbon dioxide-phosphine combination was done. Overall, testis, epididymis, stomach and spleen of the treated rats were not affected while liver; kidney and lung were affected through the appearance of mild histological changes. It may be concluded that this combination is good effective and less harmful in the case of control T. castaneum in the stored grains and recommended feeding of animals on these fumigated grains after 3 days from fumigation.
Stored Grains
carbon dioxide-phosphine combination
fumigation
Tribolium castaneum
histological changes
rat
2015
09
01
345
353
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109897_03e99c4242dc3c3e358ba7ae1bb540ff.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Population estimation and biology of hooded crow (corvus corone cornix) at ismailia governorate.
This study investigated the ecology of the hooded crow Corvus corone cornix (Passeriformes: Corvidae) at Ismailia Governorate. The highest population density of hooded crow Corvus corone cornix recorded at sun-rise were 11.67 and 10.33 individuals during July and September 2007 in fields cultivated with vegetables and field crops respectively. While at sun-set the highest population recorded 6.33 and 5 individuals during January 2009 and August 2007 in fields cultivated with vegetables and field crops respectively. The breeding season of hooded crow had been lasted from January to April. The mean number of eggs per clutch differs from 3.25 to 5.5 eggs per clutch with mean 4.07eggs/clutch. The total mean of incubation period was18.57days while the total mean of the fledging period was31.23 days. The total survival rate was 84.08%.
Ecology
biology
Corvus corone cornix
Field and vegetable crops
2015
09
01
455
460
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109898_583efd9c2282149ab7d6516941d785fd.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Toxicity of certain pesticides on eggs and adult stage of land snail, monacha cartusiana muller.
The efficiency of five nematicidies (Temik 14% G, Furdan 10% G, Vydate 10 % G, Vydate 24 % E.C and Nemacore 10 % G) and two herbicides ( Brominal W 24% E.C and Topogard 50 % W.P)against the egg stage of Monacha cartusiana snail was evaluated as soil treatments under laboratory conditions. Data revealed that the two herbicides were the most effective, while the nematicide oxamyl 10% G. was the lowest one. In filed trials as poisonous baits the obtained data showed that Gastrotox pesticide gave the highest reduction percentage, while Biogard was the lowest one. in addition to using spray technique against adult stage of Monacha cartusiana snail, the obtained results indicated that , Neomyl and Agrainate formulations were the superior and Biogard was the inferior one.
Pesticides
land snail
Monacha cartusiana
Temik
Furdan
2015
09
01
461
466
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109899_5dc4642488d3162ac4b4f533d5625ada.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilizations on the population size of Parlatoria blanchardii infesting date palm trees at Luxor governorate, Egypt.
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of certain levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilizations on the population density of Parlatoria blanchardii (Targioni- Tozzetti) infesting seedy Balady date palm leaflets at Esna district, Luxor Governorate during the two years of (2011/2012 and 2011/2013) as follows:
Concerning, the nitrogen fertilizer, the results showed that the statistical analysis of the data revealed significant differences among the three nitrogen fertilization levels, during the two successive years. Generally, significant increase in insect population size was shown in all months with the increase of nitrogen level, during the two years. Date palm trees received 1.8 kg/tree/year of nitrogen fertilizer, harboured significantly the maximum mean population density of this insect (20.3 and 24.7 individuals per leaflet), followed by those received 0.9 kg/tree/year (17.5 and 19.3 individuals per leaflet), during the two years, respectively. However, trees had no nitrogen fertilizer received the lowest mean number of population (14.7 and 16.8 individuals per leaflet) during the two successive years, respectively. Regarding, the potassium fertilizer, the statistical analysis of data resulted highly significant differences among the three potassium fertilization levels, during the two successive years. Results proved that the increase of potassium rate decreased the mean of population density of this insect. The untreated trees (zero kg/tree/year) of potassium fertilizer, recorded the highest infestation reaching (14.8 and 16.88 individuals per leaflet) for two seasons. While, the treatment (3 kg/tree/year) of potassium fertilizer, reported lowest infestation reaching (9.8 and 11.8 individuals per leaflet) during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 years, respectively. Generally, it could be concluded from the current investigation that the lowest infestation was found on date palm tree treated with zero rate of nitrogen and 3 kg/tree/year of potassium. While, the mean highest infestation was observed under 1.8 kg/tree/year nitrogen and zero rate of potassium.
Finally, this work may add some information to be used in integrated pest management programs for controlling Parlatoria date scale insect, P. blanchardii.
Parlatoria blanchardii
date palm trees
nitrogen and potassium fertilizations
2015
09
01
373
384
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109910_4e771a58d47049524e86d559cc972471.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
Economic threshold level of pear psyllid, Cacopsylla pyricola (hemiptera: psyllidae) On pear trees in Ismailia governorate
The economic threshold level is a key factor to be studied for control of pear psyllid, Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster) which has been recorded as a key pest on pear trees in North Sinai and Ismailiya Governorates, Egypt (Ahmed, 2007). This pest caused considerable losses in pear fruit yield in most of pear orchards.Ecological studies showed that the seasonal abundance of this species begin to be active from early March and continued to mid June under climatic conditions of Ismailiya Governorate. The present study aims to evaluate the economic threshold level of infestation on pear trees. Results of statistical analysis showed, when population density of C. pyricola was (13.7 nymphs / twig) it could be regarded as an economic threshold of infestation with C. pyricola on pear trees, at this level it is sufficient time for initiation of control measures.
Economic threshold
Cacopsylla pyricola
pear trees
2015
09
01
385
490
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109912_e6c96f311cc2a7801920707e2c915be8.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
تقييم البرنامج الإرشادى لزراع محصول القمح فى محافظة القليوبية
إستهدف هذا البحث بصفة رئيسية التعرف على مدى تحقيق البرنامج الإرشادى لأهدافه المعرفية والتنفيذية المتعلقة بالنهوض بمحصول القمح من خلال الأهداف الفرعية التالية: تحديد معرفة الزراع المبحوثين للتوصيات الفنية المتعلقة بهذا المحصول، وتطبيق الزراع المبحوثين للتوصيات الفنية المتعلقة بالمحصول، ومدى إستفادة الزراع المبحوثين من أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادى لهذا المحصول، ومناسبة التوقيت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادى لهذا المحصول، ومدى کفاية الوقت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادى لهذا المحصول، وإمکانية البرنامج الإرشادى فى حل مشاکل زراع هذا المحصول .
وقد أجرى البحث فى محافظة القليوبية، وتم إختيار ثلاثة مراکز هى: بنها، طوخ ، شبين القناطر ، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم أخذ البرنامج الإرشادى لمحصول القمح موضع الدراسة من البرامج الإرشادية التي نفذت بالمحافظة, تم تحديد حجم عينة البحث طبقا لمعادلة کريجسى ومورجان (Kregcie&Morgan,1970)، وقد تم اختيارها بطريقة عشوائية بسيطة فى موسم 2013/2014 و بلغت 363مبحوثا بنسبة 5,49% من إجمالى الشاملة والبالغ عددهم 6610 مبحوثا وتوزعوا على قرى البحث بواقع 116مبحوثا بقرية شبلنجة مرکز بنها، و187مبحوثا من قرية ميت کنانة مرکز طوخ، و60 مبحوثا من قرية تل بنى تميم مرکز شبين القناطر , وإستخدمت المقابلة الشخصية مع إستخدام إستمارة الإستبيان کأداة جمع البيانات بعد إختبارها مبدئيا على عينه من زراع القمح بقرية نوى مرکز شبين القناطر وإجراء التعديلات اللازمة عليها لتصبح صالحة لتحقيق الغرض منها ، وقد تم تجميع البيانات خلال شهر ديسمبر 2014م وإستخدم فى عرض النتائج التوزيع التکرارى والنسب المئوية والمتوسط الحسابى والدرجةالمعيارية .
وقد أظهرت النتائج :
أن المتوسط الحسابى لمتوسطات درجة معرفة زراع محصول القمح المبحوثين 1,23 درجة بنسبة 61,5% 0بما يعني أن درجات معرفة الزراع کانت متوسطة .
أن المتوسط الحسابى لمتوسطات درجات ممارسات زراع محصول القمح المبحوثين 0,90 درجة بنسبة 44,9%, بما يعني أن درجات ممارسات الزراع کانت منخفضة.
أن المتوسط الحسابي لدرجة الإستفادة من أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي لمحصول القمح 0,49 درجة بنسبة 16,33% ، بما يعني أن الزراع المبحوثين إستفادوا بدرجة قليلة من أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي .
أن المتوسط الحسابي لمناسبة التوقيت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي لمحصول القمح 1,61درجة بنسبة 53,66 % ، بما يعني أن التوقيت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي کان مناسباً لحد ما.
أن المتوسط الحسابي لکفاية الوقت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي لمحصول القمح 1,66 درجة بنسبة 55,33%، بما يعني أن الوقت المحدد لتنفيذ أنشطة البرنامج الإرشادي کان کافياً لحد ما.
أن المتوسط الحسابى لإمکانية البرنامج الإرشادى فى حل مشاکل زراع محصول القمح 0,31 درجة بنسبة 10,33 % بما يعنى أن البرنامج الإرشادى حل بعض من مشاکل زراع محصول القمح .
أن المتوسط الحسابي لدرجة التقييم للمؤشرات الخاصة بالبرنامج المتعلق بمحصول القمح وکانت 0,99 درجة وهى منخفضة ممايشير الى عدم تحقيق البرنامج الإرشادى للأهداف التى وضع من أجلها.
2015
09
01
491
510
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109916_4afdfbf5ff6f72432c9f78d882bb55fe.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
دراسة مقارنة لفاعلية بعض الطرق الإرشادية المستخدمة لزراع بنجر السکر في بعض مناطق زراعة البنجر في جمهورية مصر العربية
استهدف البحث التعرف على درجة متوسط المؤشرات المتعلقة بفاعلية الطرق الإرشادية المدروسة وهي : الزيادة في الإنتاج، ودرجة التعاون مع الآخرين، ودرجة الثقة نحو الإرشاد، والأثر التعليمى المعرفى والتنفيذى، والمقارنة بين فاعلية استخدام کل من الطرق التالية في ترشيد الزراع بإنتاج محصول بنجر السکر وهي: أ- الطـرق الـفـــــــــــرديـة (الـزيـارات الحقلية - الـزيــارات المنزلية). ب- الطرق الجماعية (الندوات الإرشادية - الاجتماعات الإرشادية). جـ- الطرق الجماهيرية (النشرات الإرشادية – المجلات الإرشادية).
وقد تم اختيار ثلاثة مراکز إدارية هي: بلقاس، وميت سويد، وشربين... وکذلک اختيار قريتين من کل مرکز من المراکز الإدارية السابقة، حيث رُوعي في الاختيار أکبر القرى من حيث المساحة المنزرعة ببنجر السکر على مستوي المرکز وهي: قرية الستاموني وقرية الروضة بمرکز بلقاس، وقرية الصلاحات وقرية ميت طريف بمرکز ميت سويد، وقرية الوکالة بلد وقرية کفر الأطرش بمرکز شربين .. وقد تم إجراء البحث على عينة عشوائية منتظمة من الزراع، وتم اختيارهم من واقع السجلات الخاصة بمزارعي محصول بنجر السکر بکل جمعية زراعية ، وقد بلغ قوام العينة 270 مزارعا مبحوثا من إجمالي الشاملة التي بلغ عددها 5393 مزارعا بنسبة 5% بقرى البحث، واستخـدم في تحليـل بيـانات هـذا البحث: الأعداد، والنسب المئوية، وکذلک المتوسط الحسابي ، وتحليل التباين.
وقد تلخصت أهم النتائج فيما يلي:- تبين أنه عند مقارنة الطرق الإرشادية المدروسة من حيث المتوسطات الإجمالية لمؤشرات قياس فاعلية الطرق الإرشادية المستخدمة لتوجيه وترشيد زراع بنجر السکر لزراعة المحصول بمنطقة البحث ما يلي:
1- تفوقت الطرق الإرشادية الفردية بالنسبة لجميع المؤشرات حيث بلغ متوسط مؤشر الزيادة في الإنتاج في الطريقة الفردية 8.74 درجة، بينما کان في الطرق الجماعية 7.42 درجة، وأخيرا الطرق الجماهيرية وقد بلغت 6.48 درجة، وبالنسبة لمتوسط مؤشر التعاون مع الآخرين في الطرق الفردية کانت الأعلي وقد بلغ 9.46 درجة، يليها الطرق الجماعية وقد بلغ 8.69 درجة، وأخيرا الطرق الجماهيرية وبلغت 8.22 درجة، والمؤشر الثالث الثقة في الإرشاد وقد بلغ إجمالي متوسط الطرق الفردية 16.13 درجة، ويليها الطرق الجماعية وحصلت على إجمالي متوسط 15.43 درجة، ثم الطرق الجماهيرية وبلغ13.74 درجة.
2- التباين بين الطرق الثلاثة من حيث درجة معرفة وتنفيذ المبحوثين للتوصيات الفنية لمحصول بنجر السکر:
أ- وجود اختلافات جوهرية بين الطرق الثلاث المدروسة من حيث معرفة الزراع المبحوثين للتوصيات الفنية لمحصول بنجر السکر، ويرجع وجود تأثير الاختلافات لصالح الطرق الفردية حيث بلغ متوسط الأثر المعرفي للطرق الفردية أکبر من الطرق الجماعية والطرق الجماهيرية وتمثل 18.33 درجة ، بينما في الطرق الجماعية والجماهيرية 16.11 ، 14.34 درجة على الترتيب.
ب- وجود اختلافات جوهرية بين الطرق الثلاثة المدروسة من حيث تنفيذ أو تطبيق الزراع المبحوثين للتوصيات الفنية لمحصول بنجر السکر ، ويرجع وجود تأثير الاختلافات لصالح الطرق الفردية حيث بلغ متوسط الأثر التنفيذي 22.68 درجة للطرق الفردية وهو أکبر من الطرق الجماعية والطرق الجماهيرية، حيث بلغ في الطرق الجماعية والجماهيرية 20.91 ، 17.38 درجة على الترتيب.
2015
09
01
511
525
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109917_96a9d2cc9da0d32319ffa0a3d6fa7ed1.pdf
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
1110-0419
2015
53
3
تطور الفجوة الغذائية ونسبة الاکتفاء الذاتي لمجموعة سلع محاصيل الحبوب في اليمن خلال الفترة 1990- 2012م .
يحصل أغلب سکان اليمن على السعرات الحرارية المطلوبة من سبعة محاصيل منها خمسة محاصيل حبوب واثنان من البقوليات تزرع کلها في اليمن باستثناء الأرز. وعلى الرغم من النمو الإجمالي في إنتاج ومساحة الحبوب في اليمن إلا أن سؤ التغذية وتنامي حالات الفقر لا زالت مرتفعة بصورة کبيره بسبب النمو المتزايد للسکان من جهة وتدني دخل الفرد من جهة أخرى . کما أن إنتاجية الهکتار من الحبوب ما زالت متدنية بالمقارنة مع المتوسط العالمي والمتوسط في الدول العربية.
واتضح من خلال الدراسة اتساع الفجوة بين الإنتاج المحلي من الحبوب وبين الطلب عليها، کما أن الفجوة تتجه إلى الارتفاع بصفة مستمرة. فقد ارتفع حجمها من 1320 ألف طن عام 1990 إلى 4460 ألف طن عام 2012م، ومن المتوقع أن يصل حجمها إلى نحو 4635 ألف طن عام 2020م. ويتم مواجهة العجز بالاستيراد، ففي عام 2012 تم استيراد حوالي 3500 ألف طن من القمح والدقيق، ونحو 469 الف طن من الذرة الشامية ونحو 453 طن من الأرز، وذلک لتغطية الاحتياجات الغذائية للسکان.
وبينت الدراسة أن اليمن غير مکتفية ذاتيا من الحبوب عموما ومن القمح بصفة خاصة، وأن نسبة الاکتفاء الذاتي للحبوب في اليمن قد تراجعت من حوالي 37% عام 1990 إلى نحو 18% عام 2012، وتراجعت نسبة الاکتفاء الذاتي للقمح من 13% عام 1990 إلى حوالي 7% عام 2012م
ووجدت الدراسة أن هناک تفاوت کبير في نصيب الفرد من السلع الغذائية لمحاصيل الحبوب ، فبينما يبلغ متوسط نصيب الفرد اليمني نحو 114 کيلوجرام في السنة من القمح ودقيقه، ينخفض هذا المتوسط إلى 27 کيلوجرام من الذرة الرفيعة، والى 13کيلوجرام من الذرة الشامية، والى 12.7 کيلو جرام من الأرز.
اقتصاديات إنتاج الحبوب
الاکتفاء الذاتي
الأمن الغذائي
2015
09
01
527
538
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_109918_3a34231de5d6c71099dda43f0f41ebb6.pdf