Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Plant Density on Straw, Fiber Yield and Anatomical Manifestations of Some Flax Cultivars
855
700
EN
El-Saeed
Mohamed
El-Gedwy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ
alsaeed.algedwy@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.134990
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm at Gemmeiza Agriculture Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during two successive winter growing seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to study the response of three flax cultivars, <em>i.e</em>. Sakha 3, Giza 11 and Giza 12 to three nitrogen fertilizer rates (30, 50 and 70 kg N/fed) and three plant densities (1500, 2000 and 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>) and their effect on straw and fiber yield and its related traits as well as anatomical manifestations for flax stem at middle region. The experimental design was laid out using split-split plot design in four replications. Flax cultivars were distributed in the main plots, whereas nitrogen fertilizer rates were arranged at random in sub-plots and plant densities treatments were assigned at random in sub-sub plots. The sub-sub plot area was 9 m<sup>2</sup>. Sakha 3 cultivar significantly produced the maximum total plant height, technical stem length, total fiber percentage, fiber yield/plant, fiber yield/fed, fiber length and fiber fineness in both seasons. Meanwhile, the highest No. of basal branches/plant, straw yield/plant and straw yield/fed in both seasons were recorded with Giza 12 cultivar. Meanwhile, Giza 11 cultivar gave the thickness stem diameter in both seasons. Increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates from 30 to 70 kg N/fed caused significant increases in all straw and fiber yield and its related traits of flax, except fiber fineness was significantly decreased with increasing nitrogen rates in both seasons. Increasing plant densities from 1500 to 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> caused markedly increment in total plant height, technical stem length, straw yield/fed, total fiber percentage, fiber yield/fed, fiber length and fiber fineness during both seasons. On the other hand, No. of basal branches/plant, stem diameter, straw yield/plant and fiber yield/plant were significantly decreased by increasing plant densities during both seasons. The first order interactions between treatments Sakha 3 X 70 kg N/fed, Sakha 3 X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> and 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> as well as the second order interaction between treatments Sakha 3 X 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> were significantly recorded the highest total plant height, technical stem length, fiber yield/fed and fiber length as compared with the others interactions in both seasons. While, the maximum fiber yield/fed were recorded from the first order interactions between treatments Sakha 3 X 70 kg N/fed, Sakha 3 X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> and 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> as well as the second order interaction between treatments Sakha 3 X 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>. Data illustrated an increase in each of total cross section area, cortex area, fiber area, xylem area, fiber index per plant, cortex % and xylem % in all flax cultivars under study (Sakha 3, Giza 11 and Giza 12) as affected by fertilized flax plants with 70 kg N/fed and plant density at 1500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>. It could be concluded that Sakha 3 cultivar and fertilizing by 70 kg N/fed with plant density of 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> to maximizing fiber yield/fed and quality.
Flax,cultivars,nitrogen fertilizer,plant densities,Straw yield,fiber yield,anatomical manifestations
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_134990.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_134990_9c65614803241de836cdd794c515f7e1.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Seed Yield and Quality Traits of Some Flax Cultivars as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Plant Density
871
882
EN
El-Saeed
Mohamed
El-Gedwy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ
alsaeed.algedwy@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.134991
Two field experiments were conducted on the Experimental Farm at El-Gemmeiza Research Station, Gharbia Governorate, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to investigate the effect of three nitrogen fertilizer rates (30, 50 and 70 kg N/fed) and three plant densities (1500, 2000 and 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>) on seed and oil yield and its related traits of three flax cultivars (Sakha 3 Giza 11 and Giza 12). The experimental design was laid out using split-split plot design in four replications. Flax cultivars were distributed in the main plots, whereas nitrogen fertilizer rates were arranged at random in sub-plots and plant densities treatments were assigned at random in sub-sub plots. The sub-sub plot area was 9 m<sup>2</sup>. Giza 11 cultivar significantly recorded the maximum mean values in No. of upper branches/plant, No. of capsules/plant, No. of seeds/plant, seed index, seed yield/plant, seed yield/fed, harvest index, oil yield/plant and oil yield/fed in two seasons. Meanwhile, the maximum mean values of seed oil content in both seasons were obtained from Giza 12 cultivar. While, flax cultivar of Sakha 3 significantly gave the maximum upper branching zone length and No. of seeds/capsule in both seasons. All seed and oil yield and its related traits of flax were significantly increased with increasing nitrogen fertilizer rates from 30 to 50 and 70 kg N/fed under study in two seasons. Flax plants growing at lowest plant density (1500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>) markedly gave the greatest mean values of upper branching zone length, No. of upper branches/plant, No. of capsules/plant, No. of seeds/plant, seed yield/plant, harvest index and oil yield/plant in both seasons. Meanwhile, the maximum mean values of seed yield/fed and oil yield/fed which were obtained from flax planting at highest plant density (2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>) in both seasons. The first order interactions between treatments Giza 11 X 70 kg N/fed, Giza 11 X 1500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> and 70 kg N/fed X 1500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> as well as the second order interaction between treatments Giza 11 X 70 kg N/fed X 1500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> were significantly recorded the greatest seed and oil yield of individual plants as compared with the others interactions in both seasons. While, the maximum mean values of seed and oil yield/fed were recorded from the first order interactions between treatments Giza 11 X 70 kg N/fed, Giza 11 X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> and 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> as well as the second order interaction between treatments Giza 11 X 70 kg N/fed X 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup>. It could be concluded that flax planting cultivar of Giza 11 and fertilizing by 70 kg N/fed with plant density of 2500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> to maximizing seed and oil yield/fed.
flax cultivars,Sakha 3,Giza 11,Giza 12,nitrogen fertilizer,plant densities,seed yield and oil yield
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_134991.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_134991_94cd4aa1748c0e72b2bdbc0f8cd27ca2.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Fiber and Yarn Quality Measurements in Relation to Short Fiber Content in Some Egyptian Cotton Varieties
883
894
EN
El-Saeed
Mohamed
El-Gedwy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ
alsaeed.algedwy@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.135021
This study was carried out at during 2019 and 2020 seasons on the laboratory at Cotton Technology Research Division, Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, to investigate the effect of six Egyptian cotton varieties (Giza 92, Giza 96, Giza 86, Giza 94, Giza 95 and Giza 90) and three categories of short fiber content (5.50, 6.75 and 8.25 %) which obtained from three lint cotton grades, <em>i.e.</em> fully good, good and fully good fair respectively, from each cotton variety on fiber and yarn quality measurements under using the new technique of the ring spinning system. Extra long staple as Giza 92 and Giza 96 significantly recorded the maximum upper half mean length (UHML), fiber bundle strength (FBS), lea count strength product at yarn count of 40’s (LCSP40), lea count strength product at yarn count of 60’s (LCSP60), single yarn strength at yarn count of 40’s (SYS40), single yarn strength at yarn count of 60’s (SYS60) and yarn evenness at yarn count of 60’s (YE60) as well as gave the lowest short fiber index (SFI), fiber elongation percentage (FEP), micronaire value (MIC), trash area (TA) and trash content (TC) in both seasons. The greatest fiber uniformity index (FUI), MIC and fiber maturity (FM) as well as the minimum yarn evenness at yarn count of 40’s (YE40) and YE60 in both seasons were obtained from Giza 86 cotton variety. Giza 94 cotton variety recorded the highest fiber brightness degree (Rd) as well as the lowest linear density (LD), fiber yellowness degree (+b), LCSP60 and SYS60 in both seasons. The highest SFI and +b were obtained from Giza 95 cotton variety in both seasons. Giza 90 cotton variety gave the highest FEP, LD, TA, TC and YE40, as well as gave the lowest UHML, FUI, FBS, FM, RD, LCSP40 and SYS40 in both seasons. Increasing short fiber content from 5.50, 6.75 to 8.25 % caused significant increments in SFI, FEP, +b, TA, TC, YE40 and YE60. On the other hand, UHML, FUI, FBS, MIC, FM, LD, Rd, LCSP40, LCSP60, SYS40 and SYS60 were significantly decreased in both seasons. Giza 92 cotton variety at fewest short fiber content (5.50 %) gave the maximum FBS, SYS40 and SYS60, while at highest short fiber content (8.25 %) recorded the minimum MIC and the highest YE60 in both seasons. Giza 96 cotton variety at lowest short fiber content gave the highest UHML, LCSP40 and LCSP60, as well as gave the lowest SFI, FEP, TA and TC in both seasons. The maximum FUI, MIC, FM as well as the lowest YE40 and YE60 in both seasons were produced from Giza 86 cotton variety with lowest short fiber content. The maximum Rd and lowest +b were obtained from Giza 94 cotton variety at lowest short fiber content, while, with the same cotton variety with highest short fiber content recorded the lowest LD, LCSP60 and SYS60 in both seasons. The fibers which obtained from Giza 95 cotton variety with highest short fiber content significantly recorded the greatest SFI and +b in both seasons. The maximum FEP, TA, TC, YE40 as well as the minimum UHML, FUI, FBS, FM, Rd, LCSP40 and SYS40 were obtained from Giza 90 cotton variety when used highest short fiber content, while, under the same cotton variety at lowest short fiber content recorded the highest LD in both seasons. There were significant negative correlation coefficients between (SFI, FEP, +b, TA, TC and YE40) and (UHML, FUI, FBS, MIC, FM, LD, Rd, LCSP40 and SYS40).
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_135021.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_135021_f6945cc06936c4640a44c0b7da7f03ba.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Study on Fiber and Yarn Quality of Some Varieties and Egyptian Cotton Promising Crosses
895
904
EN
El-Saeed
Mohamed
El-Gedwy
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ
alsaeed.algedwy@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.135030
This investigation was carried out during 2020 season on the laboratory at Cotton Technology Research Division, Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, to investigate the effect of two Egyptian cotton varieties (Giza 80 and Giza 94), and two promising cotton hybrids, i<em>.e.</em> hybrid cotton No. 1 [(G83xG80)xG89]Austrian and hybrid cotton No. 2 [(G89xK)xG86]xG94 on fiber and yarn technological properties under using the new technique of the ring spinning system at yarn count of 40's with 4.0 twist multiplier. The obvious results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: The differences between the studied Egyptian cotton genotypes in all fiber and yarn technological properties were significant, except micronaire value and fiber maturity were not significantly affected by cotton varieties under study during 2020 season. The promising hybrid 2 significantly recorded the highest upper half mean length (mm), fiber mean length (mm), fiber uniformity index (%), fiber bundle strength (g/tex) and lea count strength product vice versa, it gave lowest short fiber index (%), yarn evenness and No. of neps/100 m. Giza 94 cotton variety recorded maximum fiber stiffness (g/tex) and fiber brightness degree (Rd %), however it gave lowest fiber elongation percentage and fiber yellowness degree (+b). Maximum short fiber index (%), fiber yellowness degree (+b), yarn evenness and No. of neps/100 m as well as, the minimum upper half mean length (mm), fiber mean length (mm), fiber uniformity index (%), fiber bundle strength (g/tex), fiber stiffness (g/tex), fiber toughness (g/tex), fiber brightness degree (%) and lea count strength product which obtained from Giza 80 cotton variety. The fiber which obtained from promising hybrid 1 recorded greatest fiber elongation percentage and fiber toughness (g/tex).
Egyptian cotton varieties,fiber quality and yarn quality
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_135030.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_135030_8c41c9762e16913ba6e3ccfbfcc666ba.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Combining Ability Analysis Using Diallel Crosses among Eight Inbred Lines of maize under Two Planting Dates
905
914
EN
ahmed
ali
alhossary
0000-0002-7466-0349
Fac. of Agric. Moshtohor, Benha Univ
ahmed.alhossary@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.139190
A half diallel cross between 8 inbred lines of maize was evaluated at two different planting dates for nine quantitative characters. Planting dates and crosses mean squares were significant for all studied traits. Mean squares due to crosses x planting dates were significant obtained for most studied traits. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combing ability mean squares were significant for all traits. High ratios which largely exceeded the unity for days to 50% tassling and silking, plant height, ear height, no of rows/ ear , no of grains / row and 100 kernel weight were obtained, indicating that a large part of the total genetic variability associated with these traits indicates that of additive and additive by additive gene action. For remain cases, GCA/SCA ratios were less than unity, therefore, it could be summarized that the most percentage of the total genetic variability for these traits was due to non-additive gene action. For plant height, ear height and grain yield/ plant, the ratio of SCA x D/SCA was higher than GCA x D/GCA. This result indicates that non- additive effects were more influenced by sowing date than additive genetic effects for this trait. P1 seemed to be the best general combiner for early maturity, short plants, low ear position, grain yield/plant and some of its components in the combined analysis of both sowing dates. The parental combination P1xP3, P1xP5, P1xP7, P2xP4, P2xP5, P2xP7 , P3xP4, P3xP5, P3xP6 , P3xP4, P6xP7 and , P7xP8 for grain yield/plant exhibited significant positive effects being 13.54, 14.68, 12.79, 21.81, 21.61, 9.15, 21.64, 27.34, 7.36, 6.37 and 33.49, respectively
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139190.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139190_0ddededdf4850816d779b257291f289a.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Genetic Analysis of Diallel Crosses in Wheat under Drought and Normal Irrigation Treatments
915
922
EN
ahmed
ali
alhossary
0000-0002-7466-0349
Fac. of Agric. Moshtohor, Benha Univ
ahmed.alhossary@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.139194
Seven bread wheat genotypes were crossed in a7x7half diallel scheme in 2017/2018.Parents and their 21 F1 crosses were evaluated under normal and stress conditions during 2018/2019 in two field experiments. The results of analysis of variance were significant for all studied traits. The highest mean values were detected by parents P1, P1,P2, P3,P2 and p2 for plant height, spike length, No of spikes/ plant, 1000-kernel weight, biological yield/ plant and grain yield/ plant, respectively. While, the highest mean values were recorded with crosses P3xP5 for biological yield/ plant and grain yield / plant. Mean squares for both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability estimates were highly significant for most studied traits. The ratios between GCA and SCA exceeded the unity for all studied traits, except biological yield/ plant under drought, revealing that additive and additive x additive types of gene action are more important than non-additive gene action in controlling these traits. P6 exhibited positive and significant ĝi effects for biological yield/ plant. P7 gave positive and significant combiner for spike length, No of spikes/ plant and grain yield/ plant. The highest desirable SCA effects were obtained with P<sub>1</sub> x P<sub>6</sub>, P<sub>1</sub> x P<sub>7</sub>, P<sub>2</sub> x P<sub>7, </sub>P<sub>3</sub> x P<sub>5</sub> and P<sub>4</sub> x P<sub>7</sub>for grain yield/ plant which exhibited significant and positive ŝij effects
Wheat,Combining ability,Drought stress,GCA and SCA
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139194.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139194_4d2a9615ebabc3332c2b36a31de94f74.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Estimation of combining abilityand gene action by using line x tester procedure in bread wheat (Triticumastivum., L).
923
930
EN
ahmed
ali
alhossary
0000-0002-7466-0349
Fac. of Agric. Moshtohor, Benha Univ
ahmed.alhossary@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.139221
The present research was conducted to study the combining ability and gene action for morphological, yield and its components traits in F1 crosses of wheat using line x tester procedure. Experiment was conducted incloudingthirty genotypes consisting of ten lines, L1,L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10and three testers namely; Sids 12 (T1), Gemmeiza 11 (T2) and Line 137 ((T3).Thirtycrosses and their parents were evaluated under two irrigation treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications at experimental Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture Benha Univ. during the winter successive growing seasons 2017/18 and 2018/19. The obtained results could be summarized as follows;highly significant differences were found among irrigation treatment, genotypes and its partitioning lines, testers and line x testers for all the studied traits. Also, interaction between irrigation treatment and mention source of variance were significant for most traits under study. Genetic analysis revealed that the importance of both additive and non-additive components in the inheritance of all traits.The non-additive was more important for most studied traits.The best general combining ability was L8 for earliness, plant height, No. of spikes /plant and grain yield. The crosses T1 x L3, T2 x L1, T2 x L2, T2 x L4, T3 x L4 and T3 x L6 showed highly significant positive Sij effects (desirable) for biological yield/ plant and grain yield/ plant.
Wheat,Combining ability,Drought stress,GCA and SCA
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139221.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_139221_ae3d26d601bf728f077f78edf7002ea2.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Sowing Dates on Genetic Behavior for Some Bread Wheat Genotypes using Five Parameters Model.
931
940
EN
Anas
M.
Sharshar
*Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Egypt
anassharshar@yahoo.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.141172
This investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, through the four seasons 2016/17 to 2019/20 growing seasons to determine the genetic behavior controlling inheritance of yield traits, heterosis expression and expected genetic advance under optimum (15November) and late (15 December) sowing date conditions. The parents and their five populations (P<sub>1</sub>, P<sub>2</sub>, F<sub>1</sub>, F<sub>2</sub> and F<sub>3</sub>) of three crosses;Line 1 × Line 2, Line 2 × Giza 171 and Misr 2 <strong> ×</strong> Line 3 were layout in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the population means under both sowing dates for most studied traits. Parents (Line 1 and Line2) and F<sub>1</sub> had the best tolerance to late planting conditions. Scaling test revealed the presence of epistasis for most studied traits in the three crosses. Also results revealed the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in the expression of the studied traits, The inheritance of the studied traits was mostly controlled by the dominance effect under optimum sowing date and the additive effect under late sowing date. Over-dominance towards the highest parent was detected for plant height, number of kernels/spike and grain yield/plant under both sowing dates and number of spikes/plant under optimum sowing date, however partial-dominance was detected fordays to heading, days to maturity and100-kernel weight under optimum sowing date and number of spikes/plant under late sowing dates<em>.</em> Cross 2 (Line2 x Giza 171) under optimum sowing date displayed absence of inbreeding depression, recording highly significant and positive best-parent heterotic values in few cases. Narrow sense heritability estimates ranged from 29.75% to 89.42% under the optimum sowing date and 26.55%-93.45% under the late sowing date, indicating the low environmental influence The highest estimates of expected genetic advance (GA%) coupled with the highest narrow sense heritability (h<sub>n</sub><sup>2</sup>) which revealed selection efficiency for the number of spikes/plant, number of kernels/spike, and grain yield/plant in these studied populations and help breeders in selecting high yielding genotypes, under optimum sowing date. The parents of Line 1, Line 2 and crosses (Line 1 × Line 2) and (Line2 × Giza 171) were considered tolerant to late sowing and could be used in breeding programs to improve bread wheat production
gene action,genetic advance,population,Heterosis,heritability,sowing dates
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_141172.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_141172_c712dd65f531623a6d01825e168680ba.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Adding White Tea Leaves Powder (Camellia sinensis) to Broiler Chicken Diets on Some Biochemical Blood Parameters
941
948
EN
Osama
H.
El-Garhy
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt
osama.alsayed@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.147930
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of white tea leaves powder (<em>Camellia sinensis</em>) on some biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. A total number of 360 one-day old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308) with similar average initial body weight were used. Chicks were randomly divided into two main experimental groups (each of 180 chicks). The 1<sup>st</sup> main experimental group was provided with normal water (NW) while the 2<sup>nd</sup> main experimental group was exposing to the oxidative stress by providing normal water with 0.5% of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, each main experimental group was divided into four treatments (each of 45 chicks), with three replicates (15 chicks /replicate), according to feeding diets supplemented with white tea powder were (T1): chicks fed basal diet without adding white tea powder, while the second (T2), third (T3) and fourth (T4) group were chicks fed basal diet supplemented with 1, 2 and 3g white tea leaves powder/kg diet, respectively. The results obtained showed that broiler chicks provided by the normal water has the better biochemical blood parameters than those received the oxidative water. Broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with different levels of white tea leaves powder improve some physiological and biochemical blood parameters than control group. From the results obtained in this study, it could be recommended with feeding broiler chicks (Ross 308) on diet supplemented with 3g/kg feed and provided with normal water seemed to be adequate to achieve the favorable results for improve the biochemical and physiological parameters.
: White tea leaves,Biochemical blood parameters,Broiler chickens
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147930.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147930_439c9723df867517c1eada21dd62d326.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Application of Food Safety Management System (ISO 22000) In Processing of Wheat Flour Product
949
962
EN
M. Z
El-Rouby
Food Tech. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Moshtohor, Benha Univ., Egypt.
morouby@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.147932
In this study, ISO 22000 food safety management system was applied and revised to produce wheat flour 72% extracted. This experiment was carried out in North Cairo Flour Mills and Bakeries Company, Al Kawther Flour Mill, El Salam City, Cairo, Egypt, all stages were followed up from receiving wheat to flour production and storage. A food safety team was created and that the infrastructure is suitable for the production process. A wheat flour product was described and a flow chart was constructed of the milling process. The hazard was analyzed and identification, cleaning stage and packing stage are critical control points (CCPs) while stage of receiving materials and stage of storing the product have been determined as operational prerequisite programs (OPRPs) and the effectiveness of implementing the HACCP plan is verified. The microbiological analysis of swabs from workers and surfaces was within the allowable limits and the microbiological analysis of wheat and flour was less than thirty (cfu/g). The chemical composition of wheat, the highest moisture content was during the conditions stage, regarding the chemical composition for wheat flour, results were similar in average values of readings in all stages. Heavy metal concentration of packaging material to use in packing wheat flour was within the allowable limits, Aflatoxins contents of wheat and flours were not detected in all stages, pesticide residues in flour was within the allowable limits.
ISO 22000,Food Safety,HACCP,Wheat,Wheat Flour
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147932.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147932_a9e8feac0af4e23f950766c0e26c841e.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Studies on Improving Potato Growth, Yield and Quality
963
976
EN
A. M. A.
El-Anany
1Potato and Vegetatively Propagated Vegetables Dept., Hort. Res., Inst., A.R.C., Giza, 12619, Egypt
rtamsa1999@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.147937
Two field experiments were carried out to study the effect of some stimulant substances, <em>i.e</em>., benzyladenine at 25, 50 ppm and blue green algae “<em>Spirulina platensis</em>” extract at 0.3, 0.6 % as well as yeast extract at 5, 10 % as individual treatments on growth and yield traits in addition to anatomical and chemical constituents of <em>Solanum tuberosum </em>L. The results showed a significant improving in the most of vegetative growth and yield characteristic with applied treatments compared with the control. Consequently, treating potato plants with spirulina algae extract at 0.6 or 0.3 % or yeast extract at 10 %, respectively three times lead to obtain vigorous vegetative growth of <em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L. plant with increasing in both of tuber yield and its quality characteristics.
potato,benzyladenine,Algae extract,yeast extract,Growth,anatomy,Phytohormones,yield and tuber quality
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147937.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_147937_c05c579a794fdb1cbc0fb7146ec7dae1.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Influence of Irrigation Levels, In Presence of Potassium Silicate Sprays Treatments on Growth, Flowering and Chemical Constituents of Marigold (tageteserectal.) Plant.
977
988
EN
Eman E.A
Amer
Floriculture Depart, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt.
10.21608/assjm.2020.148897
Field experiment was conducted at the nursery and Experimental farm of El-Qanater ElKhayria Horticultural Research Station, Qalubiya Governorate, Egypt, In cooperation with the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, during the two growing successive seasons of 2017 and 2018.This work aimed to investigate the response of Marigold<em> Tageteserecta </em>L.seedlings grown under irrigation regime levels to foliar spray of different concentrations of potassium silica on vegetative growth, rooting, flowers yield and chemical constituents.Results illustrated that, the highest irrigation levelI<sub>1</sub>(percentage of Available Soil Moisture Depletion "ASMD" was 25%), gave the maximum values of vegetative, flowering, roots parameters and chemical constituents in both seasons. Therefore, potassium silicate Si<sub>4</sub> (4.0mlL<sup>-1</sup>) as foliar spray scored the highest values of parameters mentionedabove.Further more, the highest values of these parameters were observed when plants were sprayed with 4mlL<sup>-1</sup>potassium silicate and grown under irrigation condition I<sub>1</sub> (25 % ASMD), while these values were minimum in Marigold at I<sub>3 </sub>(75 % ASMD) and sprayed with potassium silicate treatment (0.0%) in 1<sup>st</sup> an 2<sup>nd</sup>seasons. Conclusively, it could be concluded that foliar application of potassium silicate (0.0,2.0 and 4.0 mlL<sup>-1</sup>) may be an effective strategy in reducing drought stress treatments (25, 50 and 75 % ASMD) effects with superior for at 4 mlL<sup>-1</sup> which enhanced all parameters were studied Marigold (<em>Tageteserecta</em> L.) plant. Therefore, application of K<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> sprays is recommended for improving growth and chemical composition of Marigold under water-stress conditions, highest irrigation rate (25% ASMD.) has the lowest economic water productivity and potassium silicate sprays could alleviate water stress.
marigold (TageteserectaL.),irrigation regime levels,potassium silicate,Growth,flowering andchemical constituents
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148897.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148897_52ef0a74b8556a282c7f2f21b30f9354.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Response of Growth and Chemical Composition of Quercus robur,L.Seedlings to Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers.
989
998
EN
ESSAM
N.
ALATRASH
Timber Trees Dep. Hort. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Centre, Giza, Egypt
essamalatrash67@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.148908
This research aims to create a method for increasing the growth of <em>Quercus robur, </em>L seedlings, therfore pot experiment was conducted to study the response of growth and chemical composition for <em>Quercus rubra</em> seedlings to organic (potassium humate 5 or compost tea 15 cm
<sup>3</sup>
/seedling) and inorganic fertilizers 50% (NPK at 15g/seedling), 75%(NPK at 22.5g/seedling) and 100 %(NPK at 30g/seedling)in the Experimental Farm of Horticultural Research Station of El-Kanater El-Khyria, Qaluobia Governorate, Egypt throughout two successive seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The obtained results indicated that the significant values of increment height growth, stem diameter, root length ,biomass fresh and dry weight declared as a result to apply the treatment of 50% NPK mineral plus compost tea 15 cm
<sup>3</sup>
and K-humate 5 cm
<sup>3</sup>
/seedlings followed by those of 75% NPK +compost tea the intermediate values were exhibited with applying 75% NPK +compost tea or 75% NPK +K-humate and the latest in ranking was control, meaning that applying 50% NPK plus compost tea and K-humate produced the superior seedlings more than the others. So it can be saved mineral nutrients by applying organic nutrients. Similar trend approximately revealed with total chlorophyll but total carbohydrates in stem pronounced the highest value with the treatment of compost tea alone. Concerning the content of N,P and K levels in plant it can be observed that a different values were occurred due to utilizing organic or inorganic nutrients and there is no clear trend and insignificant differences among the treatments. However N,P,K slightly increased with adding NPK at the different levels + compost tea or K-humate. It can be recommended from the above mentioned results that adding half dose of inorganic nutrients as 50% NPK alongside compost tea and K-humate represented organic nutrients enhanced soil conditions led to producing healthy seedling of <em>Quercus robur</em> and reducing the doses of NPK as mineral nutrients.
Quercus robur,L.mineral fertilizer,compost tea,K-humate and pedunculate oak
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148908.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148908_c45cf7baf435c435fca1c633d833a4bc.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Some Rooting Media and IBA treatments On Rooting, Growth and Chemical Composition of Stem Cuttings of Ficus benjamina Cv. Vivian
999
1010
EN
A. S.M.
Youssef
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EGYPT
ahmed.youssef@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.148912
This work was carried out during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 seasons at the nursery of Horticulture .Dept, Faculty of Agric., Benha Univ., Qalubia Governorate to study the effect of some different rooting media and IBA concentrations on vegetative propagation of <em>Ficus benjamina </em>Cv<em>. </em>Vivian<em>. </em>Terminal soft wood cuttings of <em>Ficus benjamina </em>Cv<em>. </em>Vivianwere collected in October from three years old trees, the cutting were finally treated with IBA concentrations at 0.0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm. Each cutting was inserted in a 8 cm diameter plastic pot containing different rooting media as follows: 1- Sand 2- Sand + vermiculite (v:v) 3- Sand + peatmoss (v:v) and 4- Sand + peatmoss + vermiculite ( v:v). The obtained results showed that all combinations between rooting media and IBA concentration increased rooting percentage of <em>Ficus benjamina </em>CvVivian cuttings, especially those treated with IBA at 3000 ppm and rooted at M4 medium in the two seasons. Furthermore, the highest values of seedling length, branches number, fresh and dry weights of leaves and roots, leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrates contents were scored by the combination of M3 and M4, particularly those treated with IBA at the highest concentration in the two seasons.
Ficus benjamina cv. Vivian,propagation,stem cuttings and rooting percentage
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148912.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148912_16296402ea78ce4c68bf1be7e43f537a.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Some Treatments of Bio and Organic Fertilization on Vegetative Growth of Moringa Olifera Plant
1011
1022
EN
A. S.M.
Youssef
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EGYPT
ahmed.youssef@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.148973
Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm and in the Laboratory of Horticulture Department Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha Univ., during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons to study the effect of some fertilizer treatments (organic and bio-fertilizers as well as their combination ) on vegetative growth and some chemical constituents of <em>Moringa olifera</em> plants. The treatments of bio-fertilizer were as follow: Control: without bio fertilizer treatments, One dose i.e., added during seed sowing, Two doses i.e., the first during seed sowing and the second after the first cut., Three doses i.e., the first during seed sowing, whereas the second after the first cut while the third one was added after the second cut. Whereas, the treatments of bio fertilizer were compost containing plant sources and cattle manure at the rate of 0.0, 5, 10 and 15m<sup>3</sup>/fed., was thoroughly mixed with the soil before planting. The obtained results showed that. The heaviest fresh and dry weights of moringa herb / plant were gained by 15 ton compost/fed.-fertilized plants, followed by 10ton compost/fed.-fertilized plants in the two seasons. Also, using the treatment of three doses showed to be the most effective one for inducing the highest fresh weight of herb, followed by the treatment of two doses in the two seasons. The combination of bio fertilizer at the high dose significantly induced the greatest values of plant height, particularly those treated with organic fertilizer at the highest concentration in the two seasons. The greatest values of branches and leaves number / plant were gained by the combinations of organic and bio fertilizers at the medium and high levels in the two seasons.
Moringa Olifera,bio and organic fertilizers and vegetative growth
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148973.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_148973_e66f8518cfccad6946224aaba4cfa678.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Effect of Some Growth Retardants and Pinching on Growth, Flowering and Chemical Composition of Tabernaemontana Coronaria Plant
1023
1038
EN
A. S.M.
Youssef
Hort. Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EGYPT
ahmed.youssef@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.155384
This work was carried out during two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017 in the Experimental lathe house of Horticulture Dept., Faculty of Agric., Benha University, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of paclobutrazol, cycocel and pinching treatments on growth, flowering and chemical composition of potted <em>Tabermaemontana coronaria</em> plants. After one month from repotting process (March 1st during the two seasons), the plants were arranged into two groups; the first one was lifted without pinching, while the second group was subjected to pinching treatment by removing 1cm from the seedling top, then all plants of the two groups were subjected to three sprays with paclobutrazol at 0.0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm and cycocel at 0.0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm plus tap water as control at one month intervals. The obtained results showed that all pinched plants received growth retardants treatments were shorter than those received growth retardants without pinching in the two seasons. Besides, all pinched plants received growth retardants treatments have more branches/plants, leaves number/plants, leaf area/plant, fresh and dry weights/plants than those received growth retardants without pinching in the two seasons. Anyhow, the highest valued branches/plants, leaves number/plants, leaf area/plant, fresh and dry weights/plants were scored by those subjected to pinching treatment and sprayed with pp333 at 90 ppm in the two seasons. Moreover, all studied treatments of paclobutrazol, cycocel and pinching increased the chemical composition content of <em>Tabernaemontana coronaria</em> plants in the two seasons.
Tabernaemontana coronaria,Paclobutrazol,Cycocel,pinching and pot plant
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155384.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155384_b2b95f7f5fff9d2deb475790b216f708.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Genetic Identification of Some Guava Seedling Trees
1039
1050
EN
O.M.
EL-Tarawy
Hort. Res. Inst., Giza, Egypt.
osamaaltarawy@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.155386
This research was conducted in two main techniques: The first was Molecular genetic identification for twelve guava seedling trees. RAPD and ISSR based on PCR techniques five primers were used had successfully generated reproducible polymorphic products to study the genetic variability between the twelve guava seedling trees. Data cleared that, a total bands of guava seedling trees with RAPD - ISSR primers were recorded 94 band where the total polymorphic bands was recorded 48 with polymorphic percentage 51.06%. While, combining RAPD and ISSR, construct classify twelve guava seedling trees. Results from this analysis showed two main groups. The first main group was between seedling trees 9 and 12 and the second main group was divided into two sub main groups: the first sub main group included genotype 1 alone and the second sub main group was divided into two sub sub group which included the remained seedling trees. The second was: Protein electrophoresis analysis for the twelve guava seedling trees revealed a total number of 16 bands eight of them were polymorphic with 50% polymorphism. While, peroxidase and polyphenyl Oxidase analysis for the twelve guava seedling trees, all of bands illustrated were characterized for all the guava seedling trees studied, which all of them (monomorphic) with differences in their banding patterns densities
Guava seedling trees,Psidium guajava,RAPD and ISSR
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155386.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155386_1c5d8efff27f911c5037d78b0882ac57.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Studies on Vegetative Propagation of Some Guava Seedling Trees by Stem Cuttings As Influenced By Their Genotypes and Some Growth Regulators
1051
1062
EN
O.M.
EL-Tarawy
Hort. Res. Inst., Giza, Egypt.
osamaaltarawy@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.155387
This study was conducted in glass house at Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza during both 2018 and 2019 experimental seasons to investigate the possibility of using leafy wood stem cuttings of 10 selected guava seedlings trees for using to propagate them vegetatively. Whereas, rooting ability of their cuttings in response to genotypes and dipping in 4000 ppm IBA and 100 ppm TIBA were investigated. Besides some growth measurements i.e., number of both roots and shoots per rooted cuttings and their length, as well as No. of leaves per each and average leaf area were also included. Data obtained during both seasons cuttings of only five genotypes (seedling trees) succeeded to root while other fives completely failed. On the other hand ability of the leafy soft wood stem cutting of the five succeeded genotypes varied specifically from one seedling tree to another. Hence tree No. 10 was the superior while both 7<sup>th</sup> and 8<sup>th</sup> ones were the inferior and two other trees (No. 2 & 6) were in between. The specific effect of growth regulators mired was also observed TIBA was more effective than IBA especially during 2<sup>nd</sup> season whereas difference was significant. In addition, the most effective combination was always in closed relationship to the dipped cuttings of genotype 10 in TIBA 100 ppm fallowed by cuttings of the same trees treated by IBA 4000 ppm. Throe of dipped cuttings in either IBA or TIBA 100 ppm for the 7<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup>th</sup></span> & 8<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup>th</sup></span> trees were the inferior while other four combinations of two other trees (2<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup>nd</sup></span> & 6<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><sup>th</sup></span>) were in between. The same trend was detected with the different growth measurements of the survived rooted cuttings of fire successed five genotypes with few exceptions scarcely observed during two seasons.
guava,vegetative propagation,stem cuttings,TIBA and IBA
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155387.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155387_0156b813d30b0af83053e70c645c1926.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Efficacy of Some Fungicides, Commercial Plant Oils and Bio-Agents against Drechslera Graminea Inciting Barley Leaf Stripe Disease
1063
1078
EN
Ibrahim
A.I. EL-Fiki
Plant Pathol. Dept., Fac. Agric., Benha Univ., Egypt.
ibrahim.elfiki@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.155392
The antifungal activity of 5 fungicides, 3 commercial plant oils and 2 bio-agents were tested <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> against <em>Drechslera graminea </em>(Rabenh. ex. Schlech) Shoemaker (telemorph: <em>Pyrenophora graminea</em> Ito and Kuribayashi, the causal organism of leaf stripe disease on barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare </em>L.). Among fungicides tested, Opus at 1µl/L and Switch at 1mg/L concentration and Bellis at 2mg/L showed 100% mycelia growth inhibition of <em>D. graminea</em>. The results of commercial plant oils tested <em>in vitro</em> revealed that the coriander showed highest inhibition of mycelial growth at 15%. The dual culture technique revealed that fungal bio-agent (<em>Trichoderma harzianum</em>) was better than bacterial bio-agent (<em>Bacillus subtilis</em>) in inhibiting the growth of <em>D. graminea</em>.
Greenhouse and field experiments were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of all tested treatments on disease incidence, yield components, enzymes activity and phenolic compounds. The tested fungicides, plant oils and bio-agents applied as seed dressing showed an effectiveness to large extent for controlling leaf stripe disease expressed as a reduction in disease incidence and increased yield components in comparing with the untreated plants. As well as, the all treatments caused an increment in activities of peroxidaxe, polyphenol oxidase and chitinase enzymes and increasing in phenolic compounds compared to control treatment. Although the five tested fungicides were more effective in reducing the linear growth of the pathogen (<em>D. graminea</em>) <em>in vitro</em> and suppressing the disease <em>in vivo</em> than the plant oils and bio-agents, they are considered environmentally safe and can be used as alternative substances in disease management.
Drechslera graminea,Barley,fungicides,plant oils,bio-agents,yield - total phenols,plant defense-related enzymes
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155392.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155392_c09fd36c8aff3c9f3703b34130656e03.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Physiological and Molecular Defense Level in Potato Cultivars against Potato Virus X
1079
1088
EN
Noha
K. El-Dougdoug
Microbiology and Botany Dept. Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt.
10.21608/assjm.2020.155407
<em>Potato virus X </em>(PVX) causes severe losses in worldwide crops of family Solanaceae. Dramatic biochemical changes in virus infected plants due to decrease in qualitative and quantitative of yield crops. The current study demonstrate the changes of biochemical responses as a defense level and resistance genes in infected plants against virus infection. PVX isolate was confirmed by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) . This study was performed on five cultivars of imported seeds potato PVX tested, Diamond , Hermes , Lady Rosetta , Nicola , and Spunta . All potato cultivars were infected with PVX isolate. The five potato cultivars showed variations symptoms development, disease severity and virus concentration .The potato cultivars against PVX infection exhibited significantly increase in physiological alterations (electrolyte leakage, cell membrane stability and transpiration rate) and biochemical responses defense (total proline, stabilizing phenols, scavenging enzymes, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, activities) and RX1 , RX2 , RX3 genes resistance compared to healthy ones. According to viral assessment, physiological parameters, biochemical responses and RX resistance genes , the five potato cultivars were divided to resistant cv., Diamond, tolerant cv., Hermes, Lady Rosetta, Nicola and susceptible cv., Spunta
Potato cultivars,PVX,scavenging enzymes activities and physiological marker response
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155407.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155407_82754d84f937c5ee35ac6effe5173a1c.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Dissipation of Pymetrozine and Penconazole On and In Pea Fruits
1089
1098
EN
Safaa
Mahmoud
Halawa
planet protection department ,Faculty of agriculture , Benha university
safa.halawa@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.155425
Estimate the residues of pymetrozine and penconazole in pea fruits were determined by using GC-ECD and HPLC-DAD with QuEChERS method. The application was carried out using knapsack sprayer equipped with one nozzle. The samples were taken after one hour, 1, 3, 5, 8, 11, 15 and 21 days of treatment. Obtained data revealed that the residual level of pymetrozine was less than the maximum residue limit (MRL= 0.02 mg/kg) which recommended by Codex Alimentation Commission, as well as penconazole (MRL= 0.05mg/kg).Data showed that penconazole residues were high persistence (t =3.6 days) than pymetrozine residues (t½=2.5 days) on pea fruits respectively. The pre-harvest interval (PHI) of pymetrozine and penconazole were 8 and 12days after treatments for pea fruits respectively. Results of household processing (washing with water, peeling and boiling) of pea fruits indicated that there are some safety methods to decrease the residues level of pymetrozine and penconazole.
residues,pymetrozine,Penconazole,pea fruits,household processing
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155425.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155425_801d3a6590acf9c19cef95f5e9b4315b.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Diagnosis of Food Security Reality and Measurement of Food Gap in the Republic of Yemen for the Period 1990-2019
1099
1108
EN
Adnan
Alsanoy
Associate professor in Agricultural Economics, Sana'a University, Yemen
adnan_alsanoy@hotmail.com
Ali
Abdullah Alsani
Associate professor in Agricultural Economics, Sana'a university, Yemen
dralialyasani@gmail.com
Haifa
Musaed Yaseen
Assistant professor in Agricultural Development, Thamar university, Yemen
hyaseen2012@gmail.com
10.21608/assjm.2020.155443
The study aim is at diagnosing the food security realty and measuring the food gap in Yemen. Descriptive analysis is used for published and unpublished secondary data about agricultural areas, production, exports and imports for nearly all cash cereal crops. The data was taken from the Central Statistics Organization and General Department of Statistics in the Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation covering the period from 1990 to 2019.
Based on the descriptive analysis, it was concluded that Yemen produces many agricultural crops, primarily grains, such as sorghum, wheat, maize and barley, as well as fodder, fruits, vegetables, legumes and cash crops (tobacco, cotton, sesame, coffee, etc.). slight improvement in production rates by not exceed 3% took place. This rate does not only meet population needs for food, but also cannot keep up with the current needs of food to be covered, due to the dramatic increase of population growth rates that reached about 3.02%. Moreover, the scarcity of water resources is the vital factor that limits any developments in agriculture and has become a major obstacle for developing and increasing agricultural production rates.
In spite of the existence of cultivable agricultural areas in the Republic, the water resource does not help and becomes a challenge. In addition, agricultural lands have been fragmented, traditional agricultural practices are used and inadequate and inappropriate agricultural inputs. Investment decrease, labor migration especially from rural areas to urbans, price fluctuations, inadequate supporting services, such as agricultural extension and research, in addition to marketing problems because of infrastructure weakness as roads, collection points, and cold stores all these factors deteriorated the agricultural production and decrease its rates.
All indicators show that there is a severe lack of food security for 7.6 million people. Those who suffer from malnutrition is about 2 million persons.
Thus, it is concluded that it becomes crucial and necessary to pay adequate attention to the food production sector to keep pace with population growth and meet the population's food needs.
Food security,Yemen,Agricultural Crops,Food Gap,cash crops
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155443.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_155443_0359644d26bea6bbde3eea865fbc04fa.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
An Analytical Study of Agricultural policies Impact on Production of the Wheat in Egypt
1109
1122
EN
Amaa Mohamed
Al tokhy Bhloul
10.21608/assjm.2020.251249
As the agricultural sector in Egypt was one of the most important pioneering sectors in the Egyptian national economy; and that agricultural policy is the means by which economic efficiency in this sector could be achieved, especially if it was directed the destination to achieve this, and why the pursuit of efficiency and social justice was In the agricultural sector, it is necessary to study the impact of agricultural policies used in it, as it represents the decisive factor.
The policy was also studied using the Supply response model, and it was found from the results that the most influencing factors on the wheat crop supply are: (the price of wheat, the net yield of the rice crop, the net yield of the alfalfa crop) for the previous year, where it was found that there is a (significant) statistical significance for it at a significant level (0.05), which means that there is an effect It is true for those variables on the area of the wheat crop and the elasticities of response to the variables indicate that the higher the price of the wheat crop in the previous season by 10%, this leads to an increase in the area of wheat by 3.7% in the next season, and that the greater the net yield of the rice crop in the previous season by 10%. 10%, this leads to an increase in wheat area by 5.6% in the following season, and that whenever the net yield of alfalfa crop increases in the previous season by 10%, this leads to a decrease in wheat area by 15.7% in the following season.
The policy was also studied using the policy analysis matrix model, and Through the results, it was found that the effective protection factor for the average of the two study periods is equal to (1.12) and (1.08) for the two periods respectively, and it is greater than the correct one, which means that wheat producers during the two study periods received an implicit subsidy from the state, and this may be in the context of encouraging And stimulating agricultural producers to increase local production of this crop, but because the state has left the marketing of wheat to the private sector, this has resulted in merchants obtaining most of the subsidies granted by the state. As for the local resource cost factor, it was found from its value that it is equivalent to (0.71). ), (0.72) for the two periods respectively, which means that there is a comparative advantage for domestic wheat production, and that its production is considered better than importing it in economic terms, in addition to the social and political aspects. And This confirms the importance and the price policy impact on increasing the domestic production of wheat, especially under indicative planning system, given that there is no way to make an algebraic pricing or compulsory supply of crops or an algebraic determination of the areas planted with it, as this shows the importance of declaring the price of wheat Before the planting date, to encourage agricultural producers to increase the cultivated area of it, as well as the use of highly productive varieties, which ultimately leads to an increase in the total production of wheat to achieve the maximum possible local self-sufficiency of this important crop.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251249.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251249_8bf6d9d6df49cf991b082f3846b75f98.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
The Economic effects of red meon livestock in Egypt (A casat imports e stud
1123
1138
EN
Ibrahim Mohammed Abdel Aziz
El-Hefny
10.21608/assjm.2020.251250
Animal production is the main source of providing the animal protein needed for humans from various sources of red meat, white meat, eggs and dairy. You get animal protein from red meat from cows, buffaloes, goats and camels.<br /> Livestock production contributes about EGP 169.9 billion, representing 36% of the value of agricultural production in 2017, and the number of livestock is estimated at 16.3 million head in 2018.Despite the importance of animal production in Egypt and Qalyubia, there is a food gap, so the state resorts to import from abroad to cover domestic consumption. .<br /> Through the outlets of the armed and national forces, long live Egypt and the police, safety and job opportunities for young people, which are sold at low prices for the benefit of the consumer, and work to reduce the prices of municipal meat, in recent years, this has led to a decrease in the demand for municipal meat and this has been reflected in the decrease in livestock prices and thus on the income of farmers or breeders For fattening calves, it exposes it to a net decrease and a significant loss as a result of the increase in feed prices and production costs, and as a result, the number of livestock in Egypt decreased in 2017, 2018, 2019,<br /> The research aims to study the economic effects of increasing the amount of imports of red meat and selling it at reduced prices to the consumer, which causes harm to the producer and butchers, by studying the current situation to the phenomenon and its impact on both the consumer, the producer, the butcher, and dealers in these projects and expectations of its impact on the state and the Egyptian national economy .<br /> The research relied on secondary data from its various sources and also on primary data through a field sample in Qalyubia Governorate. Three forms were designed, the first for the consumers' category, the second for the farmers or producers category, and the third for the category of butchers dealing with the phenomenon. The relative importance is the number of cattle and butchers and the spread of the phenomenon in these two centers, and the villages were chosen in the same way<br /> They are the village of Marsa, Dajwi, Benha Center, Tahouria village, and Al-Ahraz from Shebin Al-Qanater Center. The number of the forms was determined by about 60 forms, and then they were distributed equally into three categories and centers. Data were collected through a personal interview.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251250.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251250_26f21415e99c30320a8c400fdb9f52a6.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Planning a training program to develop the knowledge of workers in agricultural cooperative societies on activities related to the role of cooperative societies in extension work in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
1139
1156
EN
10.21608/assjm.2020.251251
This research aimed to identify some of the characteristics of the respondents working in agricultural cooperative societies, to identify the respondents ’knowledge of the activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work, to identify the sources of the respondents’ knowledge of the activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in the extension work, and to propose a plan for a training program to advance the respondents ’knowledge related to The role of cooperative societies in agricultural extension work in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate.<br /> This research was conducted in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, which includes 59 agricultural cooperative societies in the agricultural reclamation sector. This research data analyzing by: frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and weighted average, and the data was analyzed by computer using the statistical program package in the social sciences version 16 (SPSS) Statistical Program of Social Sciences.<br /> <strong><em>The most important results of the search were:</em></strong><br /> - (83.7%) of the respondents had a low and medium level of knowledge of the activities related to the role of agricultural cooperatives in extension work.<br /> - The most important educational extension activities that the respondents experienced through the Agricultural Cooperative Society: the establishment of extension sessions to spread contractual agriculture by 70%, the establishment of practical explanations in front of the farmers by 57.5%, and each of the implementation of some explanatory operations in front of the guides and the simplification of the indicative recommendations for farmers and their publication in posters Indicative fields by 56.2%, then establishing extension fields for the main crops by 55%.<br /> - The most important economic activities: Providing marketing information to farmers, at a rate of 67.5%, and contributing to marketing crops at a rate of 50.6%.<br /> - The most important social activities are conducting home visits to convince farmers to participate in social participation, providing solutions to the problems of the guides that encounter the rural community, resolving conflicts between farmers and each other, and educating leaders about their imperceptible problems by 61.2% each, followed by identifying the community problems of farmers by 59.4%.<br /> <br /> <br />
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251251.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251251_e53a3df518727ddd2be3313b1be31d18.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Application level of the agricultural cooperative societies to activities related to their role in extension work at Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate
1157
1172
EN
10.21608/assjm.2020.251437
This research aimed to identify some of the characteristics of the respondents working in agricultural cooperative societies, to determine the degree of application of the respondents to activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work, to determine the number of times applied in the last season, and to identify the problems that impede the application of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies at extension work.<br /> This research was conducted in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, which includes 59 agricultural cooperative societies in the agricultural reclamation sector. This research data analyzing by: frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and weighted average. The data was analyzed by computer using the statistical program package in the social sciences version 16 (SPSS) Statistical Program of Social Sciences.<br /> <strong><em>The most important results of the search were:</em></strong><br /> - It was found that 3.1% of the respondents came in the category of low application degree of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperatives in extension work, while 79.4% of them came in the medium application category, while 17.5% of them came in the category of high application of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work.<br /> - It was found that 47.4% of the respondents came in the few category because of the problems that impede the implementation of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work, while 48.8% of them came in the medium category, while only 3.8% of them came in the large category Because of the problems impeding the application of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work.<br /> - It was found that 69.4% of the respondents came in the lowest category in terms of the degree of the impact of problems hindering the implementation of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work, while 28.1% of them came in the intermediate category, while 2.5% of them came in The high category in terms of the degree of the impact of problems impeding the application of activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in extension work.<br /> - It became clear that the most important proposals of the respondents to overcome the problems of implementing activities related to the role of agricultural cooperative societies in the extension work in: Conducting training courses for workers in agricultural societies, which was mentioned by 88.7%, providing fertilizers, mentioned by 81.25%, and providing agricultural loans to farmers, mentioned by 78%. 12%, then adherence to the agricultural cycle, he mentioned it by 75%, followed by regular extension seminars, mentioned by 65.60%
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251437.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251437_390f2e252c331321f88a709b5386b9f6.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Personal, Social, Communication and Indicative Variables and the Degree of Their Knowledge of the Irrigation Methods Developed In Qalubiya Governorate
1173
1188
EN
Saied Abbas
Mohammed Rashad
10.21608/assjm.2020.251451
The research mainly aimed to identify the differences between adopted and non-adoptive farmers for the irrigation methods developed in The Province of Qalyubia, by achieving the following sub-objectives: identifying the differences between adopted and non-adoptive farmers for the irrigation methods developed in relation to each of the social variables studied, identifying the differences between the knowledge of adopted and unadopted farmers of the irrigation methods developed, and to achieve these objectives a questionnaire was designed. Her data was collected in person with a sample of 118 researchers from the farmers of the Tokh Center in Qalyubia governorate, and the data was collected in the field by interviewing the researchers during September and October 2020, and the averages and standard deviation of data presentation and testing (T) were used to test the validity of statistical assumptions.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251451.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251451_c91ec79c38993bb0c5ab99a18b571037.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
An economic study to estimate the efficiency of sheep and goat production in the Dakhla Center, New Valley Governorate
1189
1200
EN
Rabee Mohammed
Ahmed Ali belal
10.21608/assjm.2020.251452
The agricultural sector is considered one of the important sectors in the national economy, as it is the main sector that provides food for people and animals, in addition to providing some raw materials for the industrial sector. The average value of animal production is estimated at about 152.8 billion pounds, representing about 37.2% of the average value of production. The average amount of red meat production from sheep and goats was about 9861, 353 tons, representing about 4.3% and 0.2%, respectively, of the total meat production. Hamra nationwide, which is about 230,795 tons during the period (2015-2018)
The research problem is the relative stability of the number of sheep and goats in Matrouh Governorate in recent years, which requires identifying the reasons for the reluctance of the teachers to maintain the promotion of raising sheep and goats in the sample of the study. Therefore, it was justified to research the economic efficiency of raising and producing sheep and goats in the new Valley governorate To identify the current and future status of the production of red meat, especially sheep and goats in the governorate, and to measure the technical efficiency in the cases of fixed and variable returns of capacity, while comparing technical efficiency and economic efficiency (cost efficiency). Allocative efficiency (price), as well as to identify the problems and obstacles facing educators in this field. The study was based on the sample of the study, which includes 7 centers the new Valley governorate. The center of the new Valley was selected, where the second place represents 20% of the total number of educators in the governorate. This center is easily accessible from and to it. The number of breeders for sheep and goats was counted at this center and 50 farmers were randomly selected.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251452.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251452_ebe08be4533e81c31b87bcc8a786e00e.pdf
Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture
Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor
1110-0419
2974-4830
58
4
2020
12
01
Estimation the Almost Ideal Demand System for Egyptian Onion Exports in the Most Important Foreign Markets
1201
1218
EN
Eman
alkhyat
eman.alkhyat@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/assjm.2020.251453
Agricultural exports are one of the most promising sources for increasing the state’s foreign exchange earnings. Therefore, these exports are receiving increased attention by decision-makers. That the onion crop is one of the most important vegetable crops, which occupies a high position in the outcome of Egyptian agricultural exports, but the statistics indicated a fluctuation and a small percentage of exports from it to Production.<strong> The research problem represented</strong>: the instability of Egyptian onion exports and the low rates of growth compared to the local production of it, which requires studying the determinants of onion demand and its competitiveness in the market for the development of Egyptian exports. <strong>The research aims to</strong>: Identify the competitive situation of the study crops in the most important foreign markets for it, by estimating the demand function for exports of these crops to determine the most important factors affecting it<strong>. the most important results</strong>: The results of the optimal demand model indicate that the price elasticity of demand for the Egyptian onion crop in the Saudi market indicates that a change in its price by about 1% leads to a decrease in the quantity demanded on it by about 0.940% in the Saudi market, and that the spending elasticity means that the total real spending on onions in the market increases. Saudi Arabia, by about 1%, leads to an increase in spending on Egyptian onions by about 1.287. The elasticity demand of price for the Egyptian onion crop in the Russian market indicates that a change in its price by about 1% leads to a decrease in the quantity demanded on it by about 1.005% in the Russian market. An increase in spending on Egyptian onions by about 1.021%. The price elasticity of demand for the Egyptian onion crop in the Dutch market indicates that a change in its price by about 1% leads to a decrease in the quantity demanded on it by about 0.599% in the Dutch market, that elasticity of spending is that an increase in the total real spending on onions in the Dutch market by about 1% leads to An increase in spending on Egyptian onions by about 1.411%.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251453.html
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_251453_fcc2486afea8ad95a4c01136a21c98a1.pdf