ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Combining Ability and Type of Gene Action Analysis of Yield and Yield Components for Some White Maize Inbred Lines
Combining ability analysis were conducted for grain yield, its components, plant and ear heights and days to 50% silking in a half diallel cross involving eight white maize inbred lines. The resulting 28 hybrids and two commercial hybrids (SC10 and SC128) were grown at Sakha, Gemmeiza and Mallawy Research Stations in 2014 growing season. Both general and specific combining ability and their interaction with locations were significantly for most traits. However, the additive gene effects was most responsible for controlling the inheritance of ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows/ear and number of kernels/row while the non additive gene effects was higher than additive gene effects for days to 50% silking, plant height and grain yield. Also, the non-additive gene effects was more interacted with locations than additive gene effects for most studied traits. The best general combiner inbred line was P3 for earliness, P8 for short plant and ear heights, P5 for ear length, number of kernels/row and grain yield, P7 for ear diameter and P1 for number of rows/ear. The best hybrid for specific combining ability was P4 x P7 for grain yield.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104093_c05c7cce8ba1339bc5ca65898914b932.pdf
2016-06-01
291
296
10.21608/assjm.2016.104093
Maize
Combining ability
additive gene effects
non-additive gene effects
H.
Mosa
mosasayed@yahoo.com
1
Maize research department, fcri, arc, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of some unconventional plant proteins in diets for Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp) fingerlings.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104094_12c4fbc30bf9f29ab1ac9861858ce9c3.pdf
2016-06-01
297
306
10.21608/assjm.2016.104094
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nutritional characteristics and bioactive compounds of different ovo-vegetarian diets supplemented with spirulina
Innovative research in human nutrition during the past few years recommending the contribution of functional vegetarian diets to improve human health and to minimize risk diseases. In present study, threeinnovative ready-to-use (RTU) and ready-to-eat (RTE) chickpea-based ovo-vegetarian diets (OVDs) incorporating different vegetables (pea, taro, and broccoli) at 15% were prepared.These formulated OVDs with 34% chickpea were either supplemented with 1% spirulina as food supplement or formulated without spirulina. Herein, the nutritional and bioactive compounds of those OVDs could be investigated. Chemical composition, minerals content, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity as well as amino acids content of OVDs before and after cooking were determined. RTE OVDs with or without spirulina were organoleptically tested after frying cooking. Results of composite analysis were 62.46 to 68.54, 17.52 to 20.57, 5.54 to 6.19, 6.97 to 8.92, 5.09 to 6.65 and 61.49 to 63.84% for moisture, crude protein, lipids, ash, fiber and available carbohydrate contents in RTU OVDs, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in chemical composition in RTU and RTE as well as caloric value of OVDs. RTU CVDs exhibit appropriate content of ascorbic acid, total phenolic compounds (TPC) flavonoids and flavonols which basically depends on their ingredients and possess a valuable antioxidant activity. However, frying process dramatically reduced the ascorbic acid, flavonoids and flavonols contents. Addition of spirulina had increased the minerals, phytochemicals and amino acids contents in OVDs. High organoleptic acceptability of RTE OVDs was noticed to confirm the consumer attractiveness. In conclusion, the possibility to produce healthy RTU and RTE OVDs incorporated with common consumed vegetables supplemented with spirulina could provide a promising approach for improving the human health and dietary pattern practices.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104095_ccb52ae8b47db353867a0d5146be0d80.pdf
2016-06-01
307
322
10.21608/assjm.2016.104095
Spirulina
bioactive compounds
Amino acids
cooking
Antioxidant activity
ovo-vegetarian diets
Health Benefits
Galal
Ghazal
galal.ibrahim@fagr.bu.edu.eg
1
of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, 13736Moshtohor, Qaliuobia, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of using some mutant starains of streptococcus thermophilus and lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus for production of yoghurt with mild taste
The mutant strains of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus were used to improve of yoghurt quality. The produced yoghurts were kept refrigerated and analyzed when fresh, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days for chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics. The obtained results revealed that the prolonging of the coagulation time of some treatments to be with a maximum of 7.20 and 6.20 hr for T3 and T6, respectively. No pronounced differences were observed all over the storage period in the chemical composition of yoghurt including T.S, Fat and protein content, T2 and T5 recorded the highest content of acetaldehyde. Moreover, using of the mutant of starter cultures of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbruekii Subsp. bulgaricus improved the organoleptic properties, mild taste and the shelf life of the produced yoghurt compared with the control.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104096_6df8a5ee66a8c870b1b56b5a0235d285.pdf
2016-06-01
323
330
10.21608/assjm.2016.104096
mutant starains
Streptococcus thermophilus
lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus
yoghurt
mild taste
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Quality improvement and shelf-life of Kareish cheese using some mutants of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. bulgaricus
Utilization of mutant Streptococcus thermophillus and Lactobacillus delbreukii subsp. bulgaricus for improving the quality and shelf-life of Kareish cheese was the aim of this research. Kareish cheese was made with different mutant starter cultures and analysed when fresh and during storage (28 days) every week for chemical, bacteriological and organoleptic properties. The results indicated that using mutant strain culture especially T3 and T6 led to increase the yield and the moisture content compared with the control. Acidity and acid development in Kareish cheese treated with T3 and T6 during storage were lower than those of other treatments. Kareish cheese made with T2 and T5 record the highest values of acetaldehyde content when fresh or during storage. Acetaldehyde content increased to reach maximum values up to 7 days then decreased until the end of storage. It was observed that Kareish cheese made with mutant strain culture had the lower viable bacteria and moulds and yeasts count than the control. The count of viable bacteria increased during storage to reach a maximum after 14 days then decreased until the end of storage. The results revealed that using mutant of strain culture in Kareish cheese manufacture improved the yield, quality and shelf-life of the cheese.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104097_875ebe77e91f8a584f6fb18aa730a593.pdf
2016-06-01
331
338
10.21608/assjm.2016.104097
kareish cheese
mutants
Streptococcus thermophillus
Lactobacillus delbreukii subsp. bulgaricus
A.
Abd El-Aty
1
Dairy Sci., Department, Fac. of Agric., Benha Univ., Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of rootstocks on growth, yield and fruit quality of Red Globe grape.
This study was conducted during two seasons (2013 and 2014) to assess three rootstocks effect on growth, yield and fruit quality in table grape (Vitisvinifera L.) cv. Red Globe. Six years old vines of Red Globe grape grafted on three commercially available rootstocks namely Freedom, Richter and Salt Creek plus a control treatment (own-rooted vines) were evaluated under Ismailiaregion conditions of eastern Egypt.Vegetative measurements (shoot growth, number of leaves /shoot and leaf area), yield /vine and berry characteristics (weight, size, TSS, total acidity, TSS/acid ratio and anthocyanins content) were recorded.The results revealed thatthe highest values of shoot growth were recorded when Red Globe was grafted on Freedom rootstock while the lowest values were recorded by Richter rootstock. Salt Creek rootstock recorded the highest valuesof leaf area compared to the other rootstocks which were statistically equal. The results showed also that the studied rootstocks had no impact on leaves number per shoot, vine yield andberry acidity. Freedom and Salt Creek rootstocks increased berry weight and size compared to Richter rootstock and control vines. Freedom and Richter rootstocksenhanced the contents of TSS and anthocyanins compared to Salt Creek rootstock and own-rooted vines. The results suggested that Freedom and Richter rootstocks are appropriate to improve coloring and sugars in Red Globe grapes while all rootstocks and own-rooted vines were equal in regard to leaves number per shoot, vine yield and berry acidity
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104098_3d65337d4920fe0b52df219ef4f8ba70.pdf
2016-06-01
339
344
10.21608/assjm.2016.104098
: Rootstocks
Growth
fruit quality
Red Globe grape
Mohamed
Shahda
moh_grap80@yahoo.com
1
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and growth stimulants on flowering behaviour , seed yield and its quality of spinach.
This study was conducted at the experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture Moshtohor , Quliubia governorate during the winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 0,25,50 and 75 kg N/fed. and spraying the plants with salicylic acid at 1g/l ,amino acids at 0.5ml/l and seaweed extract at 5ml/l and biogen bio fertilizer as a soil addition at 800 g/fed as well as their combinations in addition to the control treatment on flowering behavior ,seed yield and its quality of spinach plant ,cv. Saloniki. Obtained results showed that increasing nitrogen levels up to the highest used levels ( 50 or 75 kgN/fed) reflected the highest values of number of female plants ,sex ratio (M/F) , produced seed yield either per plants ,or feddan ,seed index(weight of 100 seeds) ,germination percentage and germination rate . In addition, treating the plants two times during the growing season with all tested growth stimulants enhanced positively the number of female plants and sex ratio towards femalenss and improved the produced seed yield and its quality (seed index, germination percentage and germination rate.) In this connection, treating the plants with biogen as a soil addition was the best treatment in this concept. Therefore, it could be recommended to add nitrogen fertilizer at 50 or 75 kg N/fed combined with soil addition of biogen at 800g/fed to get the highest seed yield with best quality.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104124_ea3602816f59866f6d2cbaa59c87bcda.pdf
2016-06-01
345
354
10.21608/assjm.2016.104124
Spinach
nitrogen salicylic
biogen
seaweed extract
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of paclobutrazol and cycocel sprays on the growth, flowering and chemical composition of potted Chrysanthemum frutescens plant
A pot experimental study was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014 to study the effect of paclobutrazol at 0.0, 20, 40 and 60 ppm and cycocel at 0.0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm on growth, flowering and chemical composition of potted Chrysanthemum frutescens plant. Uniform terminal cuttings were planted in 8 cm plastic pots containing 1:1 mixture of peat moss and sand. On March 1st 2013 and 2014, uniform well rooted cuttings were repotted in 20 cm diameter plastic pots filled with a mixture of 1 clay: 1 sand :1 peat moss (v:v:v). After one month from the repotting process, plants received four sprays of paclobutrazol at 20, 40 and 60 ppm and cycocel at 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm plus tap water as control at two weeks intervals. The obtained results cleared that all paclobutrazol and cycocel concentrations decreased plant height, particularly paclobutrazol at 60 ppm in both seasons. Meanwhile, all applied treatments of paclobutrazol and cycocel statistically increased branches number / plant to reach its maximum with the highest concentration for each. The heaviest fresh and dry weights of leaves/plant were gained by 3000 ppm cycocel-sprayed plants in the two seasons. Also, paclobutrazol and cycocel treatments delayed the flowering of Chrysanthemum frutescens plant when compared with control plants which induced the earliest flowering in both seasons. The highest number of flowers/ plant was scored by 60 ppm paclobutrazol -sprayed plants. Whereas, the heaviest flowers fresh and dry weights/plant were scored by 3000 ppm cycocel-sprayed plants in the two seasons. Moreover, the highest show value (plant width/ height ratio) was recorded with paclobutrazol and cycocel at the highest concentration in the two seasons. The highest number of roots/plant was scored by 60 ppm paclobutrazol-sprayed plants, while the heaviest fresh and dry weights were registered by 3000 ppm cycocel-sprayed plants in both seasons. Furthermore, paclobutrazol and cycocel treatments statistically increased leaf NPK, total carbohydrates and total chlorophylls contents, being superior in the highest concentrations as compared with un-sprayed plants in the two seasons. All paclobutrazol and cycocel treatments increased leaf total phenols content (mg/ 100g F.W) but they still reduced total indoles (mg/100g F.W) of Chrysanthemum frutescens leaves.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104125_3aced92922f0f9d41d124fbb0adc4708.pdf
2016-06-01
355
364
10.21608/assjm.2016.104125
Chrysanthemum frutescens
pot plant
PP333
CCC
Growth
flowering and chemical composition
Y.
Ghatas
yasser.abdelaty@fagr.bu.edu.eg
1
Horticulture, Dept. Fac. of Agric., Benha University, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of thermal insulation and feeding treatments on early spring honey bee queen rearing
These experiments were conducted at the apiary of Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha Univ., during early springof two successive years2013 and 2014 to estimate the effect of wintering and feeding treatments on honey bee queen rearing.Twenty-four colonies (12 F1 Carniolan bees and 12 F1 Italian bees) were used, each group was divided in to 2 groups one of them 6 hives coated with thermal insulator, 3 colonies were covered with thermal insulator and the other were in normal Langstroth hive. Results indicated thatF1 Italian bees aremore better than F1 Carniolan bees in all tested queen rearing parameters (number of queen cells; length of queen cells; number of emerging new queens and queens fresh weight) during the two years of study. Data also indicated that feeding honey bee colonies with pollen substitute and sugar syrup affected positively on all queen rearing parameters and gave a good morphological virgin queens.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104126_f826551d4b323eaa7522d9b0318d5a42.pdf
2016-06-01
365
370
10.21608/assjm.2016.104126
Apismellifera L
Queen rearing
wintering
feeding
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of certain metals inbeebread from different districts in Alexandria and El-Beheira governorates
The present study was carried out to determine the contents of 8 metals (iron, zinc, manganese, copper, lead, chromium, arsenic and cadmium) in 12 beebread samples collected from different districts in Alexandria and El-Behaiera governorates throughout the period from March to September 2013. The obtained data showed that each of chromium (Cr) and arsenic (As) are not detected. In all districts elements could be ranked in the following descending order: Fe > Zn >Mn> Cu >Pb> Cd.
The highest and lowest levels of the studied metals in beebread samples were recorded (as ppm.) in different districts as follows:
For iron the highest was in Etay- El baroud(167.36) and the lowest was in Al-Muntazah (61.06).
For zincthe highest was in Abu-Hommoss(124.93) and the lowest was in El-Tabya (21.95).
For copper the highest was in Kafr-El dawar (21.15) and the lowest was Al-Muntazah (3.12).
For Manganesethe highest was in Edko(44.87) and the lowest was was in Kafr-El dawar (13.02).
For lead the highest was in Kafr El-Dawar (3.57) and the lowest in Etay- El baroud (0.95).
For Cadmium the highest was in Kafr-El Dawar (1.12) the lowest inKhorshid (0.120).
All the recorded values of lead exceeded the Polish permissible slandered(0.4/0.51 ppm), the Finland accepted levels of lead in food (0.3 ppm) and also, the national accepted limits in similar products (1.0 ppm) in Romania exceptthe samples from Abu-Hommoss, Al-Muntazah and al-Delengat which recorded mean values 0.22, 0.23 and 0.25 pp, respectively.also, the mean value of cadmium was 0.51 ppm that exceeded the Polish permissible slandered and Trade Norms (0.05 ppm) and also, the Finland Norms and Kenya Bureau of Standard limits in food products (0.1 ppm).
Significant positive correlations had detected between cadmium and lead on pollen (r = 0.387), cadmium and copper (r = 0.442), lead and copper (r = 0.354) and zinc and iron (r = 0.041). Negative unsignificant correlations had detected between cadmium and manganese (r = – 0.219), cadmium and Iron (r = – 0.150), lead and each of zink, manganese and iron (r = – 0.301, – 0.253 and – 0.150, respectively). In addition, negative insignificant correlations had detected between manganese and copper (r = – 0.316) and between iron and copper (r = – 0.114).
The Daily Intake metals (DIM) of Iron (10 - 60 mg/day),zinc (15 mg/kg/ day), copper (2 – 3 mg/kg/day) and Manganese (0.5 – 5 mg/day) in the recommended human pollen diet (3.66 mg/diet). These values are lower than the permissible limit which recommended by World Health Organization (WHO, 1994).
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104127_60b4207ff6e17a7b38536d16fc65a30f.pdf
2016-06-01
371
380
10.21608/assjm.2016.104127
Beebread
Heavy metals
Apismellifera
Honeybee
Mohamed
E. M. Esmael
dhammr@yahoo.com
1
Department of Applied Entomology- Faculty of Agriculture- Alexandria University
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
New technique for protecting honey bee colonies from oriental wasp (Vespa orientalisL.) attacks at Dokki region, Giza, Egypt.
Field experiment was carried out to reduce the risk of oriental wasp (Vespa orientalis L.) attacks by placed honeybee colonies under wire cages with holes in different diameters (7, 5.3, 4.2 and 2 mm) in comparing with queen excluder placed at the entrance of honey bee hives during September to December 2015 at the Beekeeping Research Department. Honeybee colony strength were measured (brood area,number of combs covered with bees and stored pollen area) in relation with captured oriental wasps number.Wire screen traps were used for catchingwaspsin the apiary, using fermented sugar syrup solution and honey as bait. Results showed that cage with holes 4.2 mm gave the highestbrood area (68.30cm2 /colony), number of combs covered with adult bees (4.63 comb/colony)and stored pollen area (22.01cm2/colony). The maximum weekly number of captured wasps during the experimental period was 5761.33wasp in first November. Also, results revealed that the highest monthly number of captured wasps were 2514.92 and 2459.42 wasp in October and November, respectively.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104128_4daf539d003656f9f58b31cf83a1eec0.pdf
2016-06-01
381
386
10.21608/assjm.2016.104128
Honeybees
Vespa orientalis
cages
Traps
population
brood
Pollen
M.S.
Younis
ms_younis@yahoo.com
1
Beekeeping Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sewage effluent as an alternative source for irrigation: Impact on soil properties and heavy metalstatus
Sewage irrigation may provide an alternative resource due to scarcity of fresh water in Egypt, thus such a practice should be evaluated. A number of 36 pairs of soil samples were collected; each pair consisted of one sample irrigated with fresh water and another irrigated with sewage water from two different sites in Al-QalyubiaGovernorate, Egypt. Sewage water-irrigated soils showed higher pH, EC, N, P, K, Fe Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb and Ni than fresh water-irrigated soils. Positive changes in soil properties occurred with sewage irrigation. Bulk density decreased field capacity, organic carbon and nutrients increased by sewage water irrigation. There was build-upinCd, Pb, Ni and Zn. Single pollution index (SPI) and pollution load index (PLI) indicated no pollution in fresh water irrigated soils as both parameters did not exceed 1.0. Sewage irrigated soils were moderately polluted. The contamination factor (CF) revealed aconsideredcontamination withPb and high for Cd, Ni and Zn. The contamination degree was very high. Food crops cultivationin such soils should be practiced under precautionswith a change in the cropping pattern.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104130_514d36bdb73a20e6bb4fbfb9950903b3.pdf
2016-06-01
387
396
10.21608/assjm.2016.104130
sewage effluent
soil properties
Heavy metals
soil pollution
Ahmed
Saeed Abuzaid
ahmed.abuzaid@fagr.bu.edu.eg
1
Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Extension Needs of Farmers of Fennel Crop in Qena Governorate
The main objective of this research was to Identify the level of the extensionneeds for agricultural respondentsto knowledge to Production fennel crop in Qena Governoratem, determining the relationship between the personal characteristics of farmers and their the extensionneeds to knowledgeregarding Production fennel crop recommendations.
The research was conducted on a sample of Farmers of fennel crop in three villages at Qena governorate. Data were collected from random sample of 138 farmers. A prepared questionnaire used to collect data from farmers personal interviews. Frequencies, percentages, correlation simple coefficient (bersson), were used for data presentation and analysis using SPSS program.
The results showed that 51.4% of respondents, their level the extension need have high in agricultural operations for resistance diseases and pests, while was respondents their level extension need have middle in agricultural operations for irrigation 74.6%, the soil and prepare the land for agriculture 60.9%, and fertilizationoperations57.2%,while was respondents their level extension need have low in agricultural operations forharvestand transactions of post-harvest 55.1%, and multiplying and sowing date 40.6%, and slippers and hoeing 34.1%.with regard to the level of total the extension needs to Respondents own agricultural operations to Production fennel crop that 51.4% of respondents their extension need level have middle,35.5% of respondents their the extension need level have high, and 13.1% of respondents their extension need level have low.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104131_dcd54275b13513b1b702ea1f5e5b1933.pdf
2016-06-01
397
406
10.21608/assjm.2016.104131
The Extension Needs of Farmers of Fennel Crop in Qena Governorate
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Estimate of the optimum the productive size for maize cropin Sharkia Governorate
This research aimed to study the maize summer production economies of the Eastern province, and estimate the size of productive optimized for this crop, estimating profitability of corn summer maize, and to identify the most important problems facing the producers and which prevent continue to increase production of this crop.The study was based on preliminary data for the field study sample included 150 farms in Sharkia agricultural season 2014/2015. The study used the descriptive and quantitative analysis of the phenomena of economic variables under investigation for the analysis and presentation of results of the study methods.
The average fixed costs (rental value) to harvest corn around 2,400 pounds per acre, representing 36.18% of the total costs, while the average total variable costs amounted to about 4233 pounds per acre, representing 63.82% of the total college costs. The average production per acre of corn harvest amounted to about 22.1 ardebs per acre (3.315 tons), an average price of about 330 pounds per ardebs, and therefore the main output of the crop of maize valued at approximately 7293 pounds per acre, and estimated net return per acre, gross margin per acre, the average cost of production per ton, product sidelines, the total margin per ton, the yield on the British investor, and net revenue per tonne of maize crop of about 1030.3430, 2001, the 14.13%, 1034.82, 1.16, 310.8 pounds, respectively, and as the optimal production volume of about 3.17 tonnes (ie about 22.64 ardebs), and amounted to the equivalent area of production optimization nearly 1,085 acres, on the basis that the average yield per acre of the sample amounted to about 3.315 tons (about 23.68 ardebs). While production which maximizes the yield size of (economic size) was about 4.09 tons, equivalent to about (29.21 ardebs), (equivalent area has reached about 1.233 acres, and average production costs amounted to about 1803.45 pounds per ton.
One result of the production function analysis shows that the increase of human labor work, automated quantity of seeds, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer 1% of the level of current use leads to an increase in the marginal product physical at a rate of 0.294%, 0.056%, 0.159%, 0.254%, respectively, and estimates the total flexibility of productivity amounted to about 0.77, and this represents a case of increasing returns to scale in the sense that an increase in all factors of production, explaining contained in the form of a combined 1% leads to increased output is less than the one by (0.77%), and grade mix optimization of entrances production of seed and fertilizer nitrogen per acre amounted to 56.125 kg at a cost of 399.61 pounds, 3 Sharkia of nitrogen fertilizer at a cost of 600 pounds, and note down the cost of the seeds of a combination optimal for the actual cost by 29.58 pounds, while the cost of fertilizer nitrogen decreased Bkdar 280 pounds, decreased the total cost of these two elements by 309.58 pounds This means that the use of the optimal combination of the two elements of seed and fertilizer nitrogen availability to the farmer 309.58 percentage amounted to about 4.67% of the total cost of an acre.
https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_104132_062234c906327b6fd3173bbd3a79e8fa.pdf
2016-06-01
407
420
10.21608/assjm.2016.104132
the optimum the productive size
maize crop
Sharkia governorate
A. F.
Hamed
ahmed.fawzy@zu.edu.eg
1
Dept. of Agr. Econ. - Faculty of Agr. - Zagazig University
LEAD_AUTHOR