@article { author = {}, title = {Evaluation of activated carbons produced from by-products sugar crops grown in Egypt: I. Chemical composition of starting materials}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111123}, abstract = {In an attempt to produce some active carbons (AC ) in Egypt, various by-products of sugar crops (sugar cane bagasse (SCB), sugar cane trash (SCT), dry sugar beet pulp (SBP) and molasses) were examined chemically and technologically to test their suitability as starting raw materials for preparation of AC of good efficiency. Chemical analysis revealed that SBP had the highest ash and crude protein contents. SCT gave the highest ether extract, while, the Sugar cane bagasse SCB exhibited the highest content in total carbohydrates and crude fibers. Molasses exhibited the highest content in reducing and non-reducing sugars, while the other by-products recorded lower values. Cellulose and lignin had a range of 32.75-34.57% and 1.93-16.35% on dry basis, respectively, in all sugar crops by-products. Dry SBP had the highest content in calcium. Beet molasses contained the highest content in potassium sodium, while the cane molasses contained the highest content in iron. The different starting materials were handled in the laboratory in different combinations and subjected to carbonization and activation and binder addition procedures to introduce eventually 24 treatments of produced experimental AC´s using different chemical and physical activation steps during AC´s preparation.}, keywords = {Active carbons - Sugar cane bagasse - Sugar cane trash - Beet pulp,Molasses}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111123.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111123_15e304323f84615f55d52298d0ff7806.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of BHA on cottonseed oil properties during heating and frying}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {11-18}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111124}, abstract = {The high temperature used during frying, in the presence of oxygen and water, induce important chemical changes of the oils, namely by oxidation, polymerization and hydrolysis, which generate a large number of compounds have negative effect on human health. This research aims to study effect of BHA and type of fried material on physical and chemical changes of cottonseed oil during frying up to 42hr. Cottonseed oil was a good frying, if it is fresh produced because it has all requirements for frying oil. Refractive index, dark color, flow time, acidity and T.B.A. values of oil increased with increasing static heating and frying time up to 42 hr. Peroxide value increased in the first hours then fluctuated up to 42 hr of stating heating and frying. Iodine value decreased with increasing static heating and frying time. BHA had little effect on the stability of cottonseed oil during static heating and frying of potato or fish. BHA increased the induction period from 6 to 18 hr during static heating. Results revealed that the total physical and chemical changes during frying fish are higher than that during frying potato. Static heating and frying decreased the unsaturated fatty acids and increased the saturated fatty acids of cottonseed oil. The change of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids was lower in frying than in static heating. Decreasing of linoleic acid during frying fish was more than of potato frying. Fried food had effect on rate of change, which happened in oil during frying. T.B.A. value, iodine value, acidity were good indicators for changing, which takes place during frying. Peroxide value is not suitable for assessment of changes during static heating or frying. There is no single method suitable for study physical and chemical changes in oil during frying.}, keywords = {Static heating,frying,potato,fish,bha,Cottonseed oil Properties,fatty acids}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111124.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111124_ca394f0529722fdba874409a2dcd82a0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {The Utilization of Wheat Germ in Burger Preparation}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {19-25}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111125}, abstract = {Abstract The present study was aimed to investigate the possibility of utilizing wheat germ extrudate in beef burger preparation as a substitution of beef meat by (5, 10, 15 and 20% levels). Chemical, physical and sensory characteristics of prepared burger were determined. By increasing the wheat germ extrudate levels, carbohydrate, fiber and ash were significantly increased, while total protein and fats were significantly decreased. Also, by increasing the added levels of wheat germ extrudates, Mg, K, Mn, Zn and P were significantly increased while; Fe, Na and Ca were significantly decreased. The substitution of beef meat with wheat germ extrudate significantly enhanced the chemical and physical quality attributes of produced burger (TVN, TBA, pH, WHC and plasticity). The best Quality attributes were achieved at 10% level compared to control. So, we recommend adding wheat germ extrudate at 10%level in beef burger preparation.}, keywords = {Beef burger,extruded wheat germ,Chemical and physical quality attributes and sensory evaluation}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111125.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111125_649a150adfd9064394a0361005d02591.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of different growing media and chemical fertilization on growth and chemical composition of ponytail palm (Beaucarnea recurvata) plant}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {27-38}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111131}, abstract = {     A pot experimental trial was carried out to study the effect of 15 treatments which was represented by the combination between five different growing media, i.e. clay + sand, clay + sand + composted leaves, clay + sand + peat moss, clay + sand + vermiculite and composted leaves + peat moss + vermiculite (1:1:1 by volume) and three chemical fertilization rates (a kristalon fertilizer at 0.0, 3 and 6g/pot) on the growth and chemical composition of Beaucarnea recurvata plants. Results showed that growing Beaucarnea recurvata plants in a mixture medium containing clay + sand + composted leaves (1:1:1 by volume) and supplemented with kristalon fertilizer at 6g/pot produced the tallest plant, the highest leaf P, auxin and gibberellins contents. Besides, the highest values of the number, fresh and dry weights of leaves/plant as well as the highest leaf K content were recorded by Beaucarnea plants grown in a mixture medium involving clay + sand + peat moss and supplied with kristalon fertilizer at 6g/pot in both seasons.In addition, the highest caudex length was registered by using a mixture medium containing clay + sand + vermiculite which received kristalon fertilizer at 6g/pot. Moreover, plants grown in composted leaves+ peat moss+ vermiculite mixture and received kristalon fertilizer at 6 g /pot induced the highest values of caudex diameter, plant width, show value, leaf N, total carbohydrates and cytokinins contents as well as the lowest leaf abscisic content.     Conclusively, growing Beaucarnea recurvata plants in a medium containing composted leaves + peat moss + vermiculite or a medium composed of clay + sand + peat moss (1:1:1 by volume) and supplemented with kristalon fertilizer at 6g/pot produced the best growth and quality of this plant.}, keywords = {Beaucarnea recurvata,growing media,chemical fertilization,growth and chemical constituents}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111131.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111131_65938d43d822ebcb2df1a6749ac9d12e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Implication of using silver nano-particles and mycorrhizae symbiosis on growth, yield and quality of artichoke plants}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {39-46}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111133}, abstract = {A field experiments were carried out at the experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha university, Qalubiya Governorate, Egypt during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, to study the response of artichoke plant to chemical phosphorus fertilizers (calcium super phosphate, 15.5 % soluble P2O5); or natural phosphorus fertilizer (rock phosphate, 27% insoluble P2O5 as source of P) only or with inoculation by Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizas (VAM) (Glomus mosseae) and study their effects on the growth, yield and its components as well as flower head quality of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) cv. Fransawy, Which was treated with anti-fungal stumps or nano-silver. Results showed that using RP + VAM, enhanced plant growth, increased yield and improved head quality than the control (SP +AF). Also, inoculating with VAM gave good results than untreated in the case of using RP. Also, pre-planting with NS gave good results (in most cases) in terms of vigor growth, higher yield and head quality as compared with AF. Therefore, using RP + VAM + NS gave the highest values of growth parameters and increased early and total yield with the best head quality as compared with all other used treatments. This increase in yield as a result of using this particular treatment reached 20.3 and 18.6 % as an average in both seasons for total yield per plant and per feddan, respectively, as compared with plants supplied with SP + AF (control).  }, keywords = {Globe artichoke,Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM),Nano-silver (NS),Anti-fungai (AF),rock phosphate (RP),Calcium super phosphate (SP)}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111133.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111133_8319dece2f7353469c45d118d3741c6e.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Some Alternative Natural Compounds for Potato Sprout Control during Storage.}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {47-55}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111134}, abstract = {This study was carried out during two successive seasons of 2011/ 2012 and 2012/ 2013 on potato tubers of Desiree cultivar which harvested at fully mature stage to evaluate the performance of clove oil at the concentrations of 50,100 ppm and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 1% and 2% as a natural alternative to CIPC for control sprouting and maintaining quality in treated potato tubers kept at 10 °C and 85%RH for 5 months.  The results showed that sprouting percentage, sprout length, weight loss percentage and decay were increased with prolonging the storage period, while tuber starch% was decreased with time of storage. All treatments retained tuber weight during storage as compared with the control (untreated) tubers. No sprouts and decay were observed with clove oil at 100 ppm treatment in all storage period, while these characters started to be shown early after two months of storage with untreated tubers (control).  Clove oil at 50 ppm and H2O2 at 1% were less effective in reducing weight loss %, sprouts % and decay. Potato tubers treated with clove oil at 100 ppm, H2O2 at 2% and CIPC treatments were significantly higher in dry matter and starch content as compared with the other treatments. The results suggest that potato tubers treated with Clove oil at 100 ppm or H2O2 at 2% is a promising as natural alternative to CIPC for control sprouting and maintenance quality during storage at 10 °C for 5 months}, keywords = {potato,CIPC,Clove oil,Sprout,Storage}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111134.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111134_168a428a48e9f395f3cb4e31bf37fe5c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Response of Strawberry to Salicylic Acid and Yeast Extract Applications under Different Nitrogen and Potassium Combinations}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {57-70}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111278}, abstract = {This study was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 in a private farm at El–Dair village, Kalubia governorate, to investigate the response of strawberry to salicylic acid and yeast extract applications under different nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combinations. Data were recorded on vegetative growth, chemical constituents, yield and its components as well as fruit quality.          Results indicate that application of mineral fertilizers at the highest used levels ( 150 kg N + 200 kg K2O or 200 kg N + 300kg K2O) per fed. combined with spraying the plants with salicylic acid at 1g/L or yeast extract 100 ml/L exhibited the highest values in the measured growth parameters i.e., plant height, number of leaves and crowns per plant, crown diameter, average leaf area as well as fresh and dry weight per plant during both seasons. Also, the same treatments gave the highest values of phosphorus, potassium and total carbohydrates during both seasons of study. Results also show that using the highest rate of N and K fertilizers (200 kg N+ 300 kg K2O) and spraying the plants with salicylic acid (1g / liter) reflected the highest produced yield and its components. Moreover, it reflected also the highest values of all determined physical and chemical  fruit quality characters (average fruit length, diameter, weight and fruit firmness, TSS, Vitamin C, acidity, total sugars and anthocyanin) during both seasons .The study recommend adding 200 Kg N + 300 kg K2O per fed and spraying the plants with salicylic acid  at 1g /L to enhance plant growth and increase yield and its components particularly early and exportable yield as well as physical and chemical fruit characteristics, under Kalubia governorate conditions.   }, keywords = {strawberry,Salicylic acid,yeast extract,N,K fertilization,yield,fruit quality}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111278.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111278_6f199156ba9c0b5c187f5cb05eeb24db.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of calcium, potassium and some antioxidants on growth, yield and storability of sweet potato: 1- Vegetative growth, yield and tuber root characteristics.}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {71-90}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111280}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out at El-Bramoon Agricultural Research farm of Mansoura Horticultural Research station, during the two successive summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas, L.) plants cv.  Beauregard. The aim of this study was to study the effect of foliar spray of calcium at (0, 1000 and 2000 ppm), potassium fertilization at (0, 48, 72 kg K2O/fed.), and foliar spray of antioxidants (control, ascorbic acid at 200 ppm and salicylic acid at 200 ppm) on plant growth, yield and its components as well as tuber root characters. The obtained results showed that foliar spray of only 2000 ppm of calcium or with the interaction among 1000 ppm of calcium, potassium fertilization at 72 kg K2O/fed. and foliar spray of antioxidants as ascorbic acid at 200 ppm or salicylic acid at 200 ppm recorded the highest values of the above-cited indices compared with the control. Positive interaction between foliar spray of calcium and potassium fertilization and foliar spray of antioxidants were often observed. The best results were obtained by foliar spray of only 2000 ppm of calcium or with the interaction among 1000 ppm of calcium, potassium fertilization at 72 kg K2O/fed. and foliar spray of antioxidants as ascorbic acid at 200 ppm or salicylic acid at 200 ppm.}, keywords = {sweat potato (Ipomoea batatas,L.),foliar spray,antioxidants,ascorbic acid,Salicylic acid}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111280.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111280_2c7bc18cab916de85f28672398a19c28.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of calcium, potassium and some antioxidants on growth, yield and storability of sweet potato: 2- Chemical composition and storability of tuber roots during storage period.}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {91-110}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111281}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out at El-Bramoon Agricultural Research farm of Mansoura Horticultural Research station, during the two successive summer seasons of 2011 and 2012 on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas, L.) plants cv.  Beauregard. The aim of this study was to study the effect of foliar spray of calcium at (0, 1000 and 2000 ppm), potassium fertilization at (0, 48, 72 kg K2O/fed.), and foliar spray of antioxidants (control, ascorbic acid at 200 ppm and salicylic acid at 200 ppm) on some chemical constituents of tuber roots and quality of tuber roots during storage period. The obtained results showed that foliar spray of only 2000 ppm of calcium or with the interaction among 1000 ppm of calcium, potassium fertilization at 72 kg K2O/fed. and foliar spray of antioxidants as ascorbic acid at 200 ppm or salicylic acid at 200 ppm recorded the highest values of the above-cited indices compared with the control. Positive interaction between foliar spray of calcium and potassium fertilization and foliar spray of antioxidants were often observed. The best results were obtained by foliar spray of only 2000 ppm of calcium or with the interaction among 1000 ppm of calcium, potassium fertilization at 72 kg K2O/fed. and foliar spray of antioxidants as ascorbic acid at 200 ppm or salicylic acid at 200 ppm.}, keywords = {sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas,L.),foliar spray,antioxidants,ascorbic acid,Salicylic acid}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111281.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111281_4322b29476fbcd1cbbe87f9aa7b45b41.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Influence of using some natural materials and biological fertilizers on growth and quality of pea yield}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {111-121}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111282}, abstract = {Two field experiments were carried out during winter season of 2011 and 2012 years at the Experimental Farm of Kaha Station , Qalubia Governorate to study the influence of   with some natural stimulants on pea plants c.v Master B using ascobean compound as a source for citric and ascorbic acids as well as power-mix compound as a source for amino acids and using also two natural fertilizers, i.e. rock phosphate as a source of phosphours + feldspar as a source of  potassium by soil application during soil preparation, In addition,treating pea seeds before sowing with four biological materials, i.e. phosphoren, potassiumag, rhizobium and mycorrhizal comparing with the normal fertilizer recommendation as control . It was found that adding rock phosphate + feldspar +rhizobium+ mycorrhizal and the treatment of  rock phosphate + feldspar +rhizobium+ potassiumag +phosphoren respectively, were the  favorable treatments on induce significant results on growth, i.e. plant height, number of leaves/ plant, fresh and dry weight/plant. The same treatments led to significant values on pod characters, i.e., pod weight, number of seeds/pod, weight of 100 seed and total green pods yield. Moreover the treatment of adding rock phosphate + feldspar + rhizobium + mycorrhizal induced significant increases in nitrogen concentration as well as protein content in the seeds, while the favorable treatment on increasing  seed sugar content was treating the seeds with rhizobium and mycorrhizal. It was found also that adding rock phosphate +feldspar +mycorrhizal led to high phosphorus concentration in pea seeds. The treatment of foliar spray with ascobean induced significant increases in nitrogen, phosphorus and protein seed contents as well as leaf content from chlorophyll. The sugar concentration in pea seeds increased significantly by power- mix application. Generally it can be recommended by adding rock phosphate as natural source of phosphorus +feldspar as a source of natural potassium and treating pea seeds with rhizobium ,phosphorien , potassumag as a biological material and spray pea plants with ascobean or power –mix without adding any chemical fertilizers to produce high green pod yield with favorable quality comparing with the normal fertilizer recommendation.     }, keywords = {pea - foliar nutrition - amino acids - biological materials,feldspar - rock phosphate}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111282.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111282_8d8e4834435c5fbec1e57ca1ce58d5cb.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of IBA, rooting media and planting date on vegetative propagation of button wood tree (Conocarpus erectus L.)}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {123-132}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111283}, abstract = {This work was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012at the Experimental Lathe House of Horticulture Dept., Faculty of Agric., Benha University, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of IBA, rooting media and planting date as well as their combinations on rooting percentage, root number and fresh and dry weights of roots as well as root anatomical features of Conocarpus erectus L cuttings. The recorded data showed that: all tested concentrations of IBA statistically increased rooting percentage of conocarpus as compared with untreated cuttings in both seasons. However, the highest value of rooting percentage was gained by 3000 ppm IBA- treated cuttings. Using M4 ( sand + clay + peat moss + perlite) showed to be the most effective one for inducing the highest rooting percentage , followed in a descending order by M2 ( sand + clay + peat moss ) in both seasons . Rooted conocarpus cuttings in July month significantly produced the highest values of rooting percentage, followed in a descending order by May then September months in both seasons. The combinations of July month statistically induced the highest values of rooting percentage, especially those received IBA at 3000 ppm and rooted in M4 medium. IBA at either 2000 or 3000 ppm increased the root number of  cuttings, with superiority of  2000 ppm as compared with untreated cuttings at both seasons. Using M4 proved to be the most effective one for producing the highest number of roots/ cutting as well as their fresh and dry weights, followed by using M3 in both seasons. Planting  cuttings in May month induced the highest number of roots /cutting as well as their fresh and dry weights, followed in a descending order by July and March months in both seasons .The combination of May month registered the highest values of these parameters, especially those treated with IBA at   either 2000 or 3000 ppm and rooted in M4 medium. Moreover, most of the tested treatments affected the root anatomical features of conocarpus plants.   }, keywords = {Conocarpus erectus,vegetative propagation,cuttings,rooting percentage and root anatomical features}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111283.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111283_44e0ab3ba5ef18f103c4e66597e4901d.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Food Type on Some Biological Aspects Of Monacha Cartusiana (Muller) Snail Under Laboratory Conditions}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {133-138}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111286}, abstract = {The Effect of different food typs on numbers of clutches, eggs and clutch size as well as growth pattern of Monacha cartusiana snail as indicated by shell diameter and body weight were studied under laboratory conditions. Results revealed that when adults of M. cartusiana snail were fed on leaves of different plant species during the breeding season, numbers of clutches, eggs and clutch size were significantly differed from one plant to another. Regarding general meas, the highest numbers of clutches, eggs and clutch size were recorded with pea leaves with values of  2.66, 133.26 and 48.05, respectively, while lowest values were obtained with carrot which gave 1.2, 29.06 and 24.03, respectively, during February, 2013. Regarding, the effect of the tested plant species on growth of M. cartusiana snail, those could be arranged descendingly according to their suitability as follows: pea, lettuce, cabbage, Egyptian clover and carrot leaves.}, keywords = {Food Type,biological aspects,snail}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111286.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111286_e1fab1cf48af004f632aa88a743db880.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of microbial incoulants and nitrogen fertilization on soil mites and collembola in cowpea crop, at kafr el – sheikh, Egypt.}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {139-148}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111287}, abstract = {Two field trials were conducted at Sakha Agric. Res. Station during the two successive summer growing seasons of 2010 and 2011. Cowpea plants (vigna unquiculata (L.) walp.) variety Dokki 331, were inoculated with micro symbiont . Bradyrhizobium  sp < /em>  along with urea fertilizer at 40 and 80 kg N/fed . applied in two equal doses : at 30and 45 days after sowing . The investigation lasted for three months in  the two seasons  of study aiming  to survey the  occurring soil predacious mites, miscellaneousmiteand Collembola in four Nodulation  and N- fertilization : Nodulated + 50%N,Nodulated+100%N, Non – Nodulated+50%N, and Non - Nodulated +100%N under field conditions and the diversity between species Nodulation  and N- fertilization. Results revealed occurring of 8 species of predacious mite, belonging to 7 families in all Nodulators  and N- fertilizers  during the two  seasons . while miscellaneous mite had 14 species belonging to 13 families in all Nodulators  and N- fertilizers during two seasons .  except for Non - Nodulation +100%N during seasons 2010, it  had 13species belonging to 12 families. Also, 5 species of Collembolabelonging to 5 families in both two seasons. Results indicated that the population density of the soil mite and Collembola increased with application of both microbial inoculants and N-fertilization , recording the highest figure at 80kg N/fed . Amblyseius sp < /em> and Cheyletus malaccenis (oudmans) were the most dominant species under  different application of microbial inoculants and N- fertilization .While , Cheyletus eruditus (oudmans )was the least  species to be  recorded .Pygmephorus sp < /em> was the dominant species under  cowpea field in the two seasons under  different types of Nodulators  and N- fertilizers. While , Galumna sp < /em> was the least one proistoma sp < /em> was the dominant species in the two seasons under different types , of Nodulators and N- fertilizers  , while , onychiurus sp , Hypogastura sp < /em> , Tulbergi sp < /em> and Entombyra sp < /em> were least recorded species .                 Diversity index values of predacious mite species were (0.8456, 0.8638, 0.9330, 0.8525) and( 0.8753, 0.8874,0.8659, 0.8866). While miscellaneousmite, were (2.1411, 1.0919, 2.7336, 1.0888) and (1.1047,1.1169, 1.1047 , 1.1096 ) on the other hand Collembolawere(0.6974, 0.6966 , 0.6978, 0.6985) and (0.6977, 0.6976, 0.6981, 0.6984) for Nodulated + 50%N, Nodulated+100%N, Non – Nodulated+50%N, and Non - Nodulated +100%N during seasons (2010 and 2011) , respectively.  }, keywords = {Microbial inoculants,Nitrogen fertilization,Mites,Collembola,Cowpea}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111287.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111287_a8a3bb548f84a04ccf1d7a28c2630343.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Susceptibility of six cotton varieties and genotypes to infestation by the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {149-155}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111289}, abstract = {Trials were carried out during 2012 and 2013 cotton seasons at Sakha Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, Egypt to evaluate the efficiency of six cotton varieties and genotypes on infestation by pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.) throughout the season. Results during the two experiments showed that infestation % of PBW to six cotton varieties and genotypes in both seasons were (14.90, 9.82, 21.56, 10.54, 10.66 and 13.34%) for Giza 86, Pima S6 x, Giza 77, Giza 92, Giza 94, Giza 86 x 10/229 and Giza 88, respectively. The higher means of infestation % were recorded in the G.92, G.86 and G.88 in both seasons, while the lower means of infestation % were recorded in the Pima S6 x G.77 and G.94 in both seasons. The differences among means of infestation % may be due to the differences in gossypol % in wall and wall thickness of green bolls. The means of gossypol % in green boll wall were (1.78, 1.32, 1.44, 0.91, 1.75 and 1.16%) and the means of wall thickness were (2.77, 2.38, 2.07, 2.82, 3.04 and 2.94 mm) for above mentioned cotton varieties and genotypes during both seasons, respectively. There were highly significant differences among the cotton varieties and genotypes in some characters.}, keywords = {Pectinophora gossypiella,cotton varieties and genotypes,gossypol,wall thickness of bolls}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111289.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111289_6e34236342f3ee7b7b186be55a3c0aa2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {وحدات القياس العالمية الحديثة وملاحظات في الکتابة العلمية}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {157-171}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111908}, abstract = {التعبير الکمي هو مقياس دقيق لکافة الظواهر و الحقائق والسجلات العلمية و العملية . ولما کانت وحدات القياس تختلف من بلد لآخر فتطلب الحال توحيد المقاييس عالميا و هذا ما حدث اخيرا فأصبح  هناک تعريفات ومسميات عالمية لوحدات القياس  من اطوال ومکاييل واوزان ومساحات وغيرها  حدث لها تحديث  وهي التي يطلق عليها  الوحدات القياسية العالمية Systeme International d'Unites   واختصارها  SI units  وهذا التوحيد العالمي في التعريف هدفه التحديد الدقيق و البعد عن اللبس خاصة في عصرنا الحالي الذي تقدم فيه العلم تقدما کبيرا. فمثلا الطن ton مسمي قديم مشوش التعريف ذو مدلولات مختلفة من : طن قصير وطن طويل وطن متري . والتسمية الحديثة البديلة لوحدة الوزن الثقيل هي  ميجاجرامmega gram  (ميجاجرام،برمز  Mg مججم) ويساوي مليون جرام (ميجاmega برمزMهي دلالة مليون).وقليلا ما تستخدم کلمة طن حاليا في العلم .کذلک الأمر لکل الوحدات الحديثة والتي حلت محل الوحدات القديمة. والتسميات الحديثة للوحدات  تستخدم مشتقات لفظية ذات دلالة رقمية تلتصق بوحدة التنسيب .. على غرار استخدام الفاظ  ورموز بادئات الکلم  أي المقاطع البادئة للکلمة "prefixes" مثل مللي  milli برمز m     ومن أمثلة ذلک  ما يلي : مللي جرام milligramgرمزmg وغير ذلک من مقاطع و أمثلة أخرى وعلى سبيل المثال أيضا مايلي: نانو جرام ؛ کيلومتر ؛ فيمتومتر fm؛ فيمتوثانيةfs؛ کيلوواتkw؛ ميجا فولتMv. أما التعبيرات التنسيبية الحديثة والتي تعبر عن محتويات المواد في المواد ( مثلا محتوي الفسفور في النبات أو التربة أو محتوي البوتاسيوم في المحلول) فهي الآن نتحاشى استخدام المسميات  القديمة  مثل :- في المئة   %   , في الألف  o% ,  في المليون ( جزء/مليون) ppm   , في البليون ( جزء / بليون) ppb   فکل هذه المسميات استبدلت بتعبيرات  مباشرة  وأدق علميا لأن تلک المسميات القديمة هي أساسا مجازية وکانت في أصل استخدامها انها لابد وان تصاحبها رموز تفسيرية لها  مثل:  % و/و- %w/w    (بمعني وزن/وزن) ؛ أو % و/ح - % w/v  (بمعني وزن/ حجم) وهي  رموز مصاحبة تحديدية . مثلا  تعبير  9 % بوتاسيوم في العصير لابد وأن يميز برمز "وزن/ وزن"  ؛ أو " وزن/حجم" حسب الحال  ( K content in juice = 9% (w/w  or w/v ومع الوقت أصبح الالتزام بذلک منعدما . لهذه الأسباب  فأن عبارة في المئة و علامة % يستعاض عنها حاليا بمسميات تنسيبية أدق  وهي  تنسيب وحدات معينة محددة الي  وحدة معينة محددة  مثل  تنسيب  وحدات وزنية (أو حجمية) محددة لوحدة واحدة  من  وزن (أو حجم) .  على غرار  مايلي:-  جم/کجم g/kg أو جم/ل g/L ( لتحل محل o   %  ، في الألف ( کما أن  g/kg و g/L تحل محل    % (في المئة)آخذين في الاعتبار أن 1 % =   10جم / کجم أو 10 جم/ل ...... .وعلي هذا  أصبح استخدام مجم/کجم mg/kg أو ميکجم/جم ug/g و ميکجم/سم3(ميکجم/مللتر ( ug/mLبديلاأفضل و أحدث  وأدق  من تعبير جزء/مليون  ppm  ؛ و حلت  تعبيرات و رموز ميکجم/کجم ug/kg أو نانوجم/جم ng/g  و مکجم/ل ug/L  بدلا من تعبير و رمز  جزء/بليون ppb.   والتعبيرات العلمية الدقيقة  تتخذ من رموز و مشتقات المقاطع البادئة prefixes     الحديثة أساسا .  وأصبح التعبير عن العناصر السمادية حديثا  کعناصر elements  وليس کأکاسيد  oxides فمثلا   تکتب معدلات التسميد الفسفوري وکذلکالبوتاسي في شکل فسفور P أو بوتاسيوم K بدلا من خامس أکسيد فسفورP2O5 أو أکسيد بوتاسيومK2O -  کما يجب التقيد بتعبير" مجم/کجم  mg/kg"  في تجارب تسميد الأصص  وعدم  التعبير عنها بشکل  کجم/ف kg/f ..وفي الکتابة العلمية العالمية يجب استخدام kg/ha  بدلا من کجم/ف kg/f.. وحاليا لزم استخدام رموز  المدلولات  التضاعفية مثل  هکتا hecta (رمز h )  و کيلوkilo  (k ) و ميجا mega (M ) و جيجا   giga (G ) و تيراtera (T ) و بتا  peta (P )  و إکسا exa (P ) و المدلولات  التجزيئية  بدءا من   ديسي  deci ( d )  و سنتيcenti (c ) و مللي milli (m) ،  نزولا الي.. ميکرو micro (u ) و نانو nano (n)   وبيکو pico  (p < /strong>) و فيمتو femto (f) ، وأتوatto (a) –  وکلها مدلولات رقمية تضاف إلى اسم الوحدة ( مثل کيلوجرام kg بمدلول ألف جرام ) والبحوث الحديثة تتبع ذلک (مراجع بعد 1960– قائمة المراجع)}, keywords = {}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111908.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111908_4f0465085a76d261fa4edf0390e4fdfd.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {دراسة بعض الخصائص الظاهرية لخمسة أصناف من نخيل الثمر بمنطقة أوباري بليبيا}, journal = {Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor}, volume = {52}, number = {1}, pages = {173-176}, year = {2014}, publisher = {Benha University; Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {1110-0419}, eissn = {2974-4830}, doi = {10.21608/assjm.2014.111909}, abstract = {أجرى البحث بمنطقة الغريفه أوباري بليبيا سنة 99م، لتحديد بعض الخصائص الخضرية لخمسة أصناف من نخيل الثمر وهي تاسفرت ، أضوى ، أوريقى ، فرتکاو، وکوياف ،عمر 25 سنة. أوضحت الدراسة أن صنف تاسفرت ذو جذع ضخم بمتوسط محيط حوالي 2.25 م وينتج أطول الأوراق بمتوسط طول للورقة 4.04 م وأکثر عدداً في الأشواک بالأوراق حيت کانت 45.48 بالورقة الواحدة، وأقلها عدداً في الأوراق بمتوسط 39 ورقة في النخلة الواحدة وتتميز بسقوط قواعد الأوراق (الکرب) ووضوح الجذور الهوائية في المنطقة السفلى من الجذع مقارنة بالأصناف الأخرى المدروسة ، بينما تميز صنف أضوى بترتيب الأوراق في صفوف على الجذع وإنه ذو جذع متوسط الضخامة 1.90 م مقارنة بالأصناف الأخرى المدروسة ، أما صنف أوريقي فتميز بإحتوائه على عدد کبير من الأوراق والوريقات بمتوسط حوالي 67.8  ورقة و182.48 وريقة مقارنة بالأصناف المدروسة ،ومن جهة أخرى فقد تميز صنف فرتکاو بسقوط قواعد الأوراق على أسفل الجذع ووجود بعض الجذور الهوائية في المنطقة السفلى من الجذع ومتوسط محيط الجذع حوالي 1.99 م والوريقات 171.24 و40 ورقة ، في حين تميز صنف کوياف بأقل عدد في الأشواک بمتوسط 26.32 وارتفاع في عدد الوريقات إلى 181.6 مقارنة بالأصناف المدروسة . ومن خلال نتائج التحليل الإحصائي أتضح أنه توجد فروق معنوية بين الأصناف عند مستوى 5% في بعض الخصائص وبذلک يمکن الاعتماد على بعض تلک الخصائص لتمييز بين هذه الأصناف في الحقل، ونظراً لوجود العديد من الخصائص المتشابهة والفروق بينهما غير معنوية فنحتاج إلى مزيد من الدراسات للتعرف وتحديد خصائص الأصناف بدقة .}, keywords = {}, url = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111909.html}, eprint = {https://assjm.journals.ekb.eg/article_111909_9d8129f990a9062560e1cb525706e383.pdf} }